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. 2023 Jun 28;6:676. doi: 10.1038/s42003-023-05057-w

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — a Results of pathway analysis using MetaboAnalyst. Of the 110 metabolites, pathway analysis was performed only for metabolites with a fold change of ≥1.5 in the UUO kidney relative to shams (n = 4 in each group). Red squares indicate “arginine and proline metabolism” and “arginine biosynthesis”. b Absolute quantitative values of metabolites related to arginine metabolites in the UUO kidney compared with those in shams (n = 4 in each group). Data are indicated as means ± SD. c Schematic diagram of “arginine biosynthesis” and “arginine and proline metabolism”. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01. NS not significant, UUO unilateral ureteral obstruction, ARG2 arginase 2, SMOX spermine oxidase.