Table 4.

Epidemiological studies on the prevalence of refractive anisometropia.

Study (year)	Number of participant and area	Study design	Ethnicity	Age	Prevalence of anisometropia
Afsari et al. (23)	n = 2,090; Australia	Population-based	European-Caucasian (46.9%) East-Asian (20.2%), South-Asian (13.2%), Middle-Eastern (8.7%), Others/Mix (10.9%)	6–72 months	2.7%
Huynh et al. (20)	n = 1,765; Australia	Population-based	European white (63.6%) East Asian (17.1%)	6 years	1.6%
O’Donoghue et al. (35)	n = 1,053; Northern Ireland	Population-based	European-Caucasian	6–7 years 12–13 years	8.5% at 6–7 years, 9.4% at 12–13 years
Deng & Gwiazda (36)	n = 1,120; United States	Longitudinal	White	6 months 5 years 12 to 15 years	1.96% at 6 months, 1.27% at 5 years 5.7% at 12 to 15 years
Lee et al. (18)	n = 23,114; Taipei, China	Population-based	East Asian	8 years	5.3%
Hu et al. (5)	n = 6,025; Taipei, China	Population-based	East Asian	4 to 18 years	7.0% ± 0.3%
Nunes et al. (33)	n = 749; Portugal	Population-based	White	3 to 16 years	6.1%
Wu et al. (29)	n = 6,026; Shandong	Population-based	East Asian	4 to 17 years	7.0% ± 0.3%
Xu et al. (37)	n = 4,198; Shandong	Population-based	East Asian	4 to 17 years	13.2%