Skip to main content
. 2023 Apr 11;3(3):475–487. doi: 10.1016/j.jacasi.2023.02.002

Table 3.

Multivariable Analyses of Main Outcomes by Renal Function and Type of Oral Anticoagulant

Event n CrCl 15-<30mL/min
n CrCl 30-<50 mL/min
n CrCl ≥50 mL/min
Events HR (95% CI) P Value Events HR (95% CI) P Value Events HR (95% CI) P Value
Stroke/SEEs
 Warfarin 1,291 51 (4.0) ref 2,664 101 (3.8) ref 2,446 83 (3.4) ref
 No OAC use 305 18 (5.9) 1.80 (1.01-3.20) 0.047 737 28 (3.8) 1.19 (0.77-1.86) 0.432 739 16 (2.2) 0.94 (0.53-1.64) 0.817
 DOAC 1,869 68 (3.6) 0.89 (0.61-1.29) 0.541 7,360 200 (2.7) 0.75 (0.59-0.96) 0.024 8,380 200 (2.4) 0.76 (0.58-0.98) 0.037
Major bleeding
 Warfarin 1,291 45 (3.5) ref 2,664 74 (2.8) ref 2,446 51 (2.1) ref
 No OAC use 305 7 (2.3) 0.65 (0.28-1.48) 0.306 737 15 (2.0) 0.74 (0.42-1.33) 0.319 739 5 (0.7) 0.36 (0.14-0.91) 0.032
 DOAC 1,869 44 (2.4) 0.67 (0.43-1.03) 0.065 7,360 127 (1.7) 0.64 (0.48-0.86) 0.003 8,380 152 (1.8) 0.91 (0.66-1.26) 0.572
Intracranial hemorrhage
 Warfarin 1,291 26 (2.0) ref 2,664 56 (2.1) ref 2,446 40 (1.6) ref
 No OAC use 305 5 (1.6) 0.77 (0.28-2.10) 0.612 737 7 (1.0) 0.50 (0.22-1.13) 0.096 739 5 (0.7) 0.43 (0.16-1.11) 0.080
 DOAC 1,869 26 (1.4) 0.64 (0.36-1.12) 0.115 7,360 90 (1.2) 0.60 (0.43-0.85) 0.004 8,380 107 (1.3) 0.79 (0.54-1.14) 0.213
Major plus clinically relevant nonmajor bleeding
 Warfarin 1,291 86 (6.7) ref 2,664 112 (4.2) ref 2,446 107 (4.4) ref
 No OAC use 305 15 (4.9) 0.80 (0.46-1.38) 0.419 737 25 (3.4) 0.81 (0.52-1.25) 0.340 739 9 (1.2) 0.28 (0.14-0.55) <0.001
 DOAC 1,869 103 (5.5) 0.82 (0.62-1.10) 0.186 7,360 280 (3.8) 0.90 (0.72-1.12) 0.336 8,380 284 (3.4) 0.77 (0.62-0.96)) 0.021
All bleeding
 Warfarin 1,291 135 (10.5) ref 2,664 233 (8.8) ref 2,446 212 (8.7) ref
 No OAC use 305 24 (7.9) 0.70 (0.44-1.09) 0.113 737 42 (5.7) 0.65 (0.47-0.92) 0.014 739 19 (2.6) 0.30 (0.19-0.49) < 0.001
 DOAC 1,869 188 (10.1) 0.96 (0.76-1.20) 0.719 7,360 573 (7.8) 0.92 (0.79-1.08) 0.295 8,380 611 (7.3) 0.86 (0.73-1.01) 0.068
Gastrointestinal bleeding
 Warfarin 1,291 61 (4.7) ref 2,664 94 (3.5) ref 2,446 91 (3.7) ref
 No OAC use 305 8 (2.6) 0.52 (0.24-1.11) 0.090 737 27 (3.7) 1.04 (0.67-1.63) 0.859 739 13 (1.8) 0.50 (0.28-0.91) 0.023
 DOAC 1,869 91 (4.9) 1.10 (0.78-1.54) 0.584 7,360 270 (3.7) 1.10 (0.87-1.40) 0.422 8,380 271 (3.2) 0.91 (0.71-1.16) 0.455
Cardiovascular death
 Warfarin 1,291 74 (5.7) ref 2,664 78 (2.9) ref 2,446 27 (1.1) ref
 No OAC use 305 23 (7.5) 1.61 (0.98-2.63) 0.058 737 19 (2.6) 1.03 (0.61-1.74) 0.923 739 5 (0.7) 0.95 (0.35-2.60) 0.928
 DOAC 1,869 109 (5.8) 1.11 (0.82-1.50) 0.510 7,360 129 (1.8) 0.67 (0.50-0.90) 0.007 8,380 63 (0.8) 0.84 (0.53-1.33) 0.452
All-cause death
 Warfarin 1,291 204 (15.8) ref 2,664 242 (9.1) ref 2,446 95 (3.9) ref
 No OAC use 305 72 (23.6) 1.73 (1.31-2.30) <0.001 737 62 (8.4) 1.08 (0.81-1.45) 0.586 739 31 (4.2) 1.38 (0.90-2.11) 0.140
 DOAC 1,869 292 (15.6) 1.05 (0.88-1.27) 0.586 7,360 459 (6.2) 0.74 (0.63-0.87) <0.001 8,380 293 (3.5) 1.01 (0.80-1.28) 0.915
Net clinical outcome
 Warfarin 1,291 259 (20.1) ref 2,664 347 (13.0) ref 2,446 181 (7.4) ref
 No OAC use 305 85 (27.9) 1.60 (1.24-2.08) <0.001 737 87 (11.8) 1.09 (0.85-1.40) 0.490 739 48 (6.5) 1.12 (0.81-1.57) 0.488
 DOAC 1,869 347 (18.6) 0.96 (0.82-1.14) 0.665 7,360 678 (9.2) 0.75 (0.66-0.86) <0.001 8,380 544 (6.5) 0.96 (0.81-1.14) 0.613

Warfarin group served as the reference.

Confounding variables included in the model are as listed in Table 2, excluding anticoagulants.

Abbreviations as in Tables 1 and 2.