Table 2.

Clinical Characteristics and outcomes.

	Total 90 patients
Necrotizing enterocolitis disease features
Age at NEC onset (days; mean ± SEM)	25.2±2.4
Gestational age at birth (weeks; mean ± SEM)	27.9±0.7
Corrected gestational age at NEC onset (weeks; mean ± SEM)	31.4±0.7
Clinical presentation
Abdominal distension	83 (92%)
Bloody stools	6 (6.7%)
Feeding intolerance	4 (4.5%)
Radiological findings
Pneumatosis, n (%)	30 (33.3%)
Pneumoperitoneum, n (%)	40 (45%)
Portal venous gas, n (%)	4 (4.4%)
Surgery
Length of bowel resected (cm; mean ± SEM)	29.2±3.2
Bowel resection region
Small bowel, n (%)	65 (72%)
Large bowel, n (%)	1 (1%)
Small bowel + Large bowel, n (%)	24 (27%)
Intestinal ostomy, n (%)	73 (81.1%)
Post-operative systemic course
Duration of antibiotics (days; mean ± SEM)	11.2±0.08
Assisted ventilation
Room air, n (%)	16 (17.8%)
Assisted ventilation (continuous positive air pressure/intubated), n (%)	74 (82%)
Positive blood culture for sepsis, n (%)	9 (10%)
Post-operative intestinal features
Post-operative ileus [days; n (%)]	16.49±0.13
Post-operative day at starting enteral feedings (days; mean ± SEM)	16.91±0.13
Abdominal wound infection, n (%)	15/76 (19.7%)
Intestinal adhesions, n (%)	12/76 (15.8%)
Intestinal strictures, n (%)	8/76 (10.5%)
Intestinal fistulas, n (%)	3/76 (3.9%)
Feedings at start
Mother’s own/donor milk, n (%)	35 (38.4%)
Infant formula, n (%)	55 (61.5%)
Day of attainment of full enteral feedings (120 mL/kg; mean ± SEM)	75±0.48
Duration of parenteral nutrition (days; mean ± SEM)	86.48±0.55
Short Bowel Syndrome, n (%)	7 (10%)
Discharge
Length of stay (days; mean ± SEM)	132.7±9.1
Death, n (%)	38 (42.2%)

^*Well-recorded data on feedings available for the years 2012–2015, since institution of electronic records.

^**Reliable, well recorded data on post-operative complications available on 76 of our 90 patients