| Hydrogels |
Hydrophilic
materials capable of generating 3D structures similar
to the extracellular matrix. Their properties include: porous structure,
flexibility in the synthesis of the biomaterial, physical properties
similar to natural tissues, biocompatibility, and the ability to store
nanoparticles and therapeutic biomolecules. |
(35) |
| 3D Bioprinting |
Allows the deposit with spatial precision
of bioinks, such
as hydrogels, cells, and growth factors, mimicking in vitro the structure of native tissue and cellular and vascular composition
from computational projections or from digitalization of magnetic
resonance or computed tomography images. |
(36, 37) |
| Decellularization |
The use of dECM in regenerative medicine aims to minimize adverse
reactions to the host, taking advantage of the unique characteristics
of this biomaterial: maintaining the biological, mechanical, and structural
properties of ECM which ensures the biocompatibility of the graft
and the extraction of cells, and cellular debris provide a nonimmunogenic
environment and in turn low cytotoxicity. |
(38) |
