Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of included studies assessing composite lipid indices in OSA
| Author | Year | Design | Lipid index | Populations | Sample Size | Age | BMI Total | % Male total | Findings | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Main population | Control population | N Total | N Control | Age Total | Age control | |||||||
| Bianchi et al | 2014 | Cross-sectional | LAP | Elderly patients with aortic aneurysms and high risk for OSA | Elderly patients with aortic aneurysms and low risk for OSA | 302 | 119 | 73.4 (8.6) |
74.7 (8.8) |
29.6 (6.2) | 86.5 | LAP was significantly higher in patients with higher risk of OSA (50.5 (35.5) vs. 36.7 (28.3), P < 0.001) |
| Bikov et al | 2021 | Cross-sectional | AIP | Patients with a diagnosis of OSA (AHI ≥ 5) | Non-OSA individuals | 560 | 99 | 52.7 (13.4) |
46.7 (18.8) |
30.7 (5.5) | 58.9 | AIP was significantly higher in patients with OSA compared to controls (0.18 [0.03 to 0.31] vs. -0.15 [-0.34 to 0.06], P < 0.001) |
| Bikov et al | 2022 | Cross-sectional | AIP, LAP, VAI | OSA patients with mild (AHI: 5–14.9), moderate (AHI 15–29.9), and severe (AHI ≥ 30) | Non-OSA control volunteers | 806 | 139 | 53.6 (13.0) |
45.2 (14.6) |
32.8 (6.0) | 66.4 | AIP, LAP, and VAI were all significantly different between the OSA group and healthy controls (P < 0.01) |
| Cai et al | 2022 | Cross-sectional | AIP | Hypertensive patients with OSA | NA | 2281 | NA | 49.5 (10.4) | NA | 28.4 (3.8) | 68.5 | There was a J-shaped relationship between AIP and new-onset MI |
| Cao et al | 2020 | Retrospective cohort | AIP | OSA patients with mild (AHI: 5–14.9), moderate (AHI 15–29.9), and severe (AHI ≥ 30) | Non-OSA controls | 284 | 28 | 45.3 (11.1) |
48.1 (12.6) |
27.2 (3.1) | 89.8 | AIP was significantly different between all groups (P < 0.001) |
| Chen et al | 2016 | Cross-sectional | VAI | Patients with diagnosis of OSA based on AHI (mild, moderate, and severe) | Non-OSA patients (AHI 0–5) | 411 | 50 | 48.8 (13.6) | 44.4 (16.2) | 26.5 (3.0) | 75.9 | There was a significant difference in terms of VAI between controls and severe OSA, mild OSA and severe OSA, and also moderate OSA and severe OSA (P < 0.05) |
| Dong et al | 2020 | Cross-sectional | LAP | Type 2 diabetic patients with OSA | Type 2 diabetic patients without OSA | 317 | 112 | 52.4 (14.1) |
47.1 (14.8) |
27.9 (4.1) | 69.1 | With a P of < 0.01, a significant difference was observed between OSA and non-OSA individuals |
| Kim et al | 2020 | Retrospective cohort | AIP | Patients with a diagnosis of OSA based on AHI (mild, moderate, and severe) | Non-OSA individuals | 180 | NR | 48.6 (13.8) | NR | 26.4 (4.1) | 73.9 | AIP was significantly associated with OSA (P = 0.022); however, it was not an independent risk factor for OSA |
| Mazzuca et al | 2014 | Retrospective cohort | VAI | Patients with diagnosis of OSA | Non-OSA controls | 528 | 55 | 51.3 (12.8) |
45.9 (15.4) |
31.0 (6.2) | 80.1 | VAI was not different between severities of OSA (P = 0.154) |
| Meszaros et al | 2021 | Cross-sectional | AIP | Patients with diagnosis of OSA | Non-OSA controls | 76 | 30 | 48.9 (14.0) |
41.2 (16.3) |
28.2 (8.0) | 50.0 | Patients with OSA had significantly higher AIP compared to non-OSA ones |
| Otelea et al | 2021 | Cross-sectional | AIP | Patients with asthma and OSA | Patients with asthma without OSA | 97 | 26 | 53.4 (6.8) |
51.0 (4.9) |
34.3 (7.1) | 69.1 | AIP values were significantly higher in OSA patients compared to patients with asthma (P = 0.04) |
| Wei et al | 2021 | Cross-sectional | LAP, VAI | Patients with diagnosis of OSA | Non-OSA controls | 4747 | 909 | NR | NR | NR | NR | LAP and VAI were higher in OSA patients compared to non-OSA individuals |
| Wysocki et al | 2016 | Prospective cohort | AIP | OSA patients (mild, moderate, and severe) without previous treatment | NA | 211 | NA | 50.4 (12.7) | NA | 30.4 (5.4) | 83.4 | AIP values were significantly higher in higher severities of OSA (P = 0.0121) |
| Zou et al | 2020 | Cross-sectional | LAP, VAI | Patients with diagnosis of OSA | Non-OSA controls | 4703 | 890 | 42.3 (13.1) | NR | 26.4 (3.5) | 80.0 | LAP showed moderate efficiency as a screening tool for OSA |
Data are presented as mean (standard deviation), median [interquartile range], or percentage
Abbreviations: AIP Atherogenic index of plasma, LAP Lipid accumulation product, VAI Visceral adiposity index, BMI Body mass index, MI Myocardial infarction, OSA Obstructive sleep apnea, AHI Apnea–hypopnea index, NR Not reported, NA Not available