Table 4.

Association between OSA (continuous and categorical) and carotid atherosclerosis

	Beta (SD)	p-value	(AHI < 15) (n = 35)	(AHI ≥ 15) (n = 11)	p-value
Vascular inflammation (Avg. TBRmean)
Model 1	0.0093 (0.0232)	0.69	REF	−0.0124 (0.0663)	0.85
Model 2	−0.0117 (0.0235)	0.62	REF	−0.0539 (0.0654)	0.41
Model 3	−0.0005 (0.0251)	0.98	REF	−0.0242 (0.0700)	0.73
Vascular inflammation (Avg. TBRmax)
Model 1	0.0158 (0.0284)	0.58	REF	0.0240 (0.0816)	0.77
Model 2	−0.0080 (0.0287)	0.78	REF	−0.0392 (0.0798)	0.62
Model 3	0.0057 (0.0305)	0.85	REF	−0.0018 (0.0853)	0.98
Avg. Carotid wall thickness
Model 1	0.0206 (0.0188)	0.27	REF	0.0923 (0.0534)	0.08
Model 2	0.0099 (0.0185)	0.59	REF	0.0574 (0.0534)	0.28
Model 3	0.0136 (0.0203)	0.50	REF	0.0767 (0.0605)	0.21

Model 1: Unadjusted

Model 2: Adjusted for age, sex, race/ethnicity

Model 3: Adjusted for Model 2 + BMI, smoking, hypertension, dyslipidemia

OSA obstructive sleep apnea, AHI apnea–hypopnea index, TBR target-to-background ratio

^*Continuous AHI was log transformed due to skewness