Table 4. Multivariate models assessing the association between hydroxychloroquine usage and preeclampsia (Model I) and neonatal birthweight (Model II) incorporating potential confounders as covariates.

	Multivariate Model I		Multivariate Model II
	aOR (95% CI)	p-value	aß (95% CI)	p-value
HCQ usage	0.08 (0.02–0.36)	0.001	0.002 (−0.45–0.45)	0.67
Maternal age (years old)	1.04 (0.88–1.23)	0.63	0.01 (−0.02–0.03)	0.33
Concurrent medical illness	0.65 (0.15–2.91)	0.58	−0.12 (−0.30–0.07)	0.21
Immunosuppressive treatment	4.48 (0.92–21.88)	0.06	0.002 (−0.17–0.17)	0.98
Lupus nephritis	1.53 (0.34–6.77)	0.58	0.07 (−0.11–0.24)	0.45
Gestational age at delivery (week)	–		0.19 (0.16–0.21)	0.001
Duration of SLE (years)	–		−0.03 (−0.05 to −0.01)	0.016

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; HCQ, hydroxychloroquine; OR, odds ratio; SD, standard deviation; SLE, systemic lupus erythematosus.