Kaplan-Meier curves of (A) PFS and (B) OS for patients with MSI/dMMR gastrointestinal cancer who received anti–PD-1/PD-L1 therapy and chemo-anti–PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Tick marks mean censored data. The chemo-anti–PD-1/PD-L1 group showed significantly longer PFS (P = .004) than the anti–PD-1/PD-L1 group with log-rank analysis. Although the log-rank P was .014 for the OS curves, there is a crossing in the two curves. chemo-anti–PD-1/PD-L1, combination of chemotherapy plus anti–PD-1/PD-L1 therapy; dMMR, mismatch repair-deficient; HR, hazard ratio; MSI, microsatellite instability; OS, overall survival; PFS, progression-free survival.