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. 2023 Jul;29(7):1357–1366. doi: 10.3201/eid2907.230231

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Emerging Infectious Diseases is a publication of the U.S. Government. This publication is in the public domain and is therefore without copyright. All text from this work may be reprinted freely. Use of these materials should be properly cited.

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Direct healthcare costs for emergency department visits and hospitalizations in study estimating waterborne infectious disease burden by exposure route, United States, 2014. Estimated combined costs are shown in US dollars for selected domestically acquired waterborne illnesses for each exposure route. Estimates were rounded to 3 significant figures. NRND water is used for purposes other than recreation or drinking (e.g., agriculture, industry, medical treatment, backcountry streams, or flood waters); recreational water is used for recreational activities in treated (e.g., pools, hot tubs, and splash pads) or untreated (e.g., lakes, rivers, and oceans) venues; drinking water is used for drinking, washing, or showering and can come from a public water system, private well, or commercially bottled sources (19). NRND, nonrecreational nondrinking; NTM, nontuberculous mycobacteria.