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. 2023 Jun 10;15(3):329–353. doi: 10.1007/s12551-023-01068-3

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© International Union for Pure and Applied Biophysics (IUPAB) and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2023. Springer Nature or its licensor (e.g. a society or other partner) holds exclusive rights to this article under a publishing agreement with the author(s) or other rightsholder(s); author self-archiving of the accepted manuscript version of this article is solely governed by the terms of such publishing agreement and applicable law.

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Fig. 1 — The orientations of cardiomyocytes and collagen fibers vary transmurally in the healthy rodent LV, but are co-oriented throughout the heart wall. The predominance of collagen fibers and their orientations, imaged here using extended volume confocal microscopy, give rise to nonlinear anisotropic mechanical behavior. Reprinted from the American Journal of Physiology—Heart and Circulatory Physiology, Vol. 295, A. Pope et al., “Three-dimensional transmural organization of perimysial collagen in the heart,” pp. H1243-1252. Copyright (2008), with paid permission from The American Physiological Society