Table 3.
Descriptive statistics of psychological well-being (WHO-5) dichotomized into high vs. low well-being.
| Index Score | High (≥50) | Low (<50) | χ 2 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| M (95% CI) | n (%) | n (%) | ||
| Sociodemographics | ||||
| Sex | 0.164 | |||
| Female | 50.7 (43.9–57.5) | 35 (47.3) | 39 (52.7) | |
| Male | 57.0 (50.5–63.5) | 44 (58.7) | 31 (41.3) | |
| Age | 0.174 | |||
| 16–25 | 51.3 (43.9–58.7) | 30 (51.7) | 28 (48.3) | |
| 26–35 | 59.2 (51.3–67.1) | 33 (61.1) | 21 (38.9) | |
| >35 | 47.2 (36.6–57.7) | 12 (40.0) | 18 (60.0) | |
| Origin | 0.073 | |||
| Sub-Sahara Africa | 57.6 (48.8–66.5) | 30 (63.8) | 17 (36.2) | |
| Southwest Asia | 52.1 (46.6–57.7) | 49 (48.0) | 53 (52.0) | |
| Education | 0.828 | |||
| None | 54.6 (44.4–64.7) | 18 (50.0) | 18 (50.0) | |
| Primary | 51.0 (43.0–58.9) | 25 (49.0) | 26 (51.0) | |
| High school and above | 53.3 (45.7–60.8) | 29 (54.7) | 24 (45.3) | |
| Relatives in camp | 0.149 | |||
| Alone | 55.7 (46.9–64.5) | 31 (62.0) | 19 (38.0) | |
| Relatives ≥1 | 53.7 (48.1–59.2) | 48 (49.5) | 49 (50.5) | |
| Time since flight (months) | 0.358 | |||
| 0–24 | 55.1 (47.7–62.5) | 35 (57.4) | 26 (42.6) | |
| >24 | 51.9 (45.1–58.8) | 33 (49.3) | 34 (50.7) | |
| Time in camp (months) | 0.673 | |||
| 0–12 | 52.2 (45.8–58.7) | 37 (52.9) | 33 (47.1) | |
| >12 | 52.6 (45.2–59.9) | 33 (49.3) | 34 (50.7) | |
| Mental health | ||||
| Severe depressive symptoms (PHQ-9)a | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 35.7 (29.5–41.9) | 11 (22.4) | 38 (77.6) | |
| No | 62.8 (57.2–68.3) | 68 (68.0) | 32 (32.0) | |
| Severe anxiety symptoms (GAD-7)a | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 33.9 (27.3–40.5) | 8 (20.5) | 31 (79.5) | |
| No | 58.5 (52.9–64.1) | 61 (61.0) | 39 (39.0) | |
| Moderate insomnia symptoms (ISI)a | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 38.9 (31.8–46.1) | 12 (26.1) | 34 (73.9) | |
| No | 57.4 (51.6–63.3) | 56 (60.9) | 36 (39.1) | |
| High perceived stress (PSS-10)a | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 43.4 (37.4–49.4) | 26 (36.6) | 45 (63.4) | |
| No | 59.5 (52.3–66.6) | 41 (62.1) | 25 (37.9) | |
| Physical health | ||||
| Anemiaa | 0.047 | |||
| Yes | 48.9 (39.0–58.8) | 16 (41.0) | 23 (59.0) | |
| No | 57.0 (51.6–62.5) | 62 (59.6) | 42 (40.4) | |
| High headache (VAS)a | 0.072 | |||
| Yes | 45.7 (38.9–52.5) | 27 (41.5) | 38 (58.5) | |
| No | 56.4 (49.8–63.1) | 41 (56.9) | 31 (43.1) | |
| Fitness | ||||
| VO2maxa | 0.991 | |||
| Fair and above | 57.8 (46.2–69.4) | 16 (55.2) | 13 (44.8) | |
| Poor and below | 52.0 (46.2–57.8) | 49 (55.1) | 40 (44.9) | |
| High perceived fitnessa | <0.001 | |||
| Yes | 60.0 (53.6–66.4) | 48 (63.2) | 28 (36.8) | |
| No | 39.1 (33.0–45.1) | 18 (30.5) | 41 (69.5) | |
aCut-off: PHQ-9 (≥15), GAD-7 (≥15), ISI (≥15), PSS-10 (≥median), VAS (≥median), anemia (women ≤ 120 g/L or men ≤ 130 g/L), VO2max [based on ACSM guidelines (71)], perceived fitness (≥median).