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. 2023 Jun 16;17:1208974. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2023.1208974

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Copyright © 2023 Valeri, Gisabella and Pantazopoulos.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Architecture of the perineuronal net. Perineuronal nets are a meshwork of ECM components including chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan core proteins with varying numbers of CS-GAG chains, semaphorins, and tenascin-R. (A) Chondroitin sulfate core proteins are linked together by tenascins and to a hyaluronan backbone by hyaluronan link proteins (red spheres). (B) Immunohistochemical labeling of WFA (non-sulfated N-acetylgalactosamine). PNNs (black arrows) and astrocyte (red arrow) in the human brain. (C) Immunohistochemical labeling of the chondroitin-6-sulfation motif on PNNs in the human brain with labeled with the antibody 3B3. Created with BioRender.com.