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. 2023 Jun 28;24(1):2226418. doi: 10.1080/15384047.2023.2226418

Figure 2.

In the volcano plot, STAT3 is one of those red dots which showed increased with Treg or M2 macrophage increasement. And JAK-STAT signaling pathway is a blue dot which showed playing import role in signaling pathway. With the increasement of Tregs and M2 macrophages, the cytokines of IL-10 and TGF-β and STAT3 increased.

Crosstalk between Tregs and M2 macrophages in colorectal cancer. (a) Volcano plot of differentially expressed genes of human RNA-sequencing data from TCGA dataset (GSE146587). Genes presented according fold change >1 and padj <0.05 in the CRC tumors. Treg coding gene FOXP3 and M2 macrophage coding gene CD163 were significantly upregulated in the tumors. Cytokines IL-6, TGFβ1 and IL1β and chemokines CXCL2 and CCL3 that were markedly increased in CRC tumor. (b) Gene set enrichment analysis of cancer pathways were presented in normal tissues versus tumors using KEGG analysis. Cytokine and cytokine receptor and JAK-STAT3 signaling pathways regulated the TME in tumor progression. (c) Positive correlation between STAT3 with Treg or M2 macrophage both in COAD and READ cohorts. (d) Cytokines IL-10 and TGF-β coding gene IL-10 and TGF-β1 presented high positive correlations with tumor infiltrated Tregs and M2 macrophage in COAD and READ by Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA).