Table 2. Cancer prevention behavior changes post the COVID-19 pandemic by socioeconomic status (n = 6,136).
| Cancer Prevention Behavior‡ | All (n = 6,136) % (95% CI) |
Socioeconomic Status* | P-value† | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Low (n = 1,712) | Middle (n = 2,033) | High (n = 2,391) | |||
| % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | % (95% CI) | |||
| Cancer Prevention Behavior Change § | < .0001 | ||||
| Poor | 29.8 (28.6–30.9) | 31.8 (29.6–34.1) | 30.6 (28.6–32.6) | 27.6 (25.8–29.4) | |
| Average | 23.8 (22.8–24.9) | 26.9 (24.8–29.0) | 23.6 (21.7–25.5) | 21.9 (20.3–23.6) | |
| Good | 22.0 (21.0–23.0) | 20.0 (18.1–22.0) | 22.5 (20.7–24.4) | 23.0 (21.3–24.7) | |
| Excellent | 24.4 (23.3–25.5) | 21.3 (19.4–23.3) | 23.4 (21.5–25.3) | 27.5 (25.7–29.4) | |
| Physical Activity | < .0001 | ||||
| Not Physical Activity | 14.0 (13.2–14.9) | 22.9 (20.9–25.0) | 13.3 (11.9–14.9) | 8.2 (7.2–9.4) | |
| Less Physical Activity | 28.3 (27.1–29.4) | 27.3 (25.2–29.5) | 29.2 (27.3–31.3) | 28.1 (26.3–30.0) | |
| Same Physical Activity | 38.0 (36.8–39.2) | 37.7 (35.4–40.0) | 40.4 (38.2–42.6) | 36.1 (34.2–38.1) | |
| More Physically Active | 19.8 (18.8–20.8) | 12.1 (10.6–13.7) | 17.1 (15.5–18.8) | 27.5 (25.7–29.4) | |
| Fruit and Vegetable Intake | < .0001 | ||||
| No Fruit or Vegetable Intake | 3.7 (3.2–4.2) | 5.7 (4.6–6.9) | 3.5 (2.7–4.4) | 2.4 (1.8–3.1) | |
| Less Intake | 10.5 (9.7–11.3) | 12.9 (11.4–14.6) | 10.3 (9.0–11.7) | 8.8 (7.7–10.0) | |
| Same Intake | 73.2 (72.0–74.3) | 69.2 (66.9–71.3) | 74.9 (73.0–76.8) | 74.5 (72.7–76.3) | |
| More Intake | 12.7 (11.9–13.6) | 12.3 (10.8–13.9) | 11.3 (9.9–12.7) | 14.3 (12.9–15.7) | |
| Alcohol Consumption | < .0001 | ||||
| No Alcohol Intake | 38.8 (37.6–40.0) | 57.6 (55.2–60.0) | 36.8 (34.7–38.9) | 27.1 (25.3–28.9) | |
| Less Intake | 6.4 (5.8–7.1) | 4.3 (3.4–5.3) | 7.6 (6.5–8.8) | 6.9 (6.0–8.0) | |
| Same Intake | 39.6 (38.3–40.8) | 30.1 (27.9–32.3) | 42.6 (40.4–44.7) | 43.8 (41.8–45.9) | |
| More Intake | 15.2 (14.3–16.2) | 8.1 (6.8–9.5) | 13.1 (11.7–14.6) | 22.2 (20.5–23.9) | |
| Binge Alcohol Drinking || | 0.586 | ||||
| Yes | 21.4 (20.1–22.7) | 21.1 (18.2–24.2) | 22.3 (20.1–24.7) | 20.8 (18.9–22.8) | |
| No | 78.6 (77.3–79.9) | 78.9 (75.8–81.8) | 77.7 (75.3–79.3) | 79.2 (77.2–81.1) | |
| Tobacco Use | < .0001 | ||||
| No Tobacco Use | 89.6 (88.8–90.3) | 82.8 (80.9–84.5) | 90.4 (89.0–91.7) | 93.8 (92.7–94.7) | |
| Less Intake | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) | 3.0 (2.3–4.0) | 1.3 (0.8–1.9) | 0.5 (0.2–0.8) | |
| Same Intake | 6.0 (5.4–6.6) | 9.1 (7.8–10.6) | 5.4 (4.5–6.5) | 4.1 (3.4–5.0) | |
| More Intake | 1.5 (1.2–1.8) | 5.1 (4.1–6.2) | 2.9 (2.2–3.7) | 1.6 (1.2–2.2) | |
* Included measures for education, household income, and occupational status
† Chi-Square Tests from the association between each cancer prevention behavior and socioeconomic status
‡ Compared to the pre- COVID-19 pandemic levels
§ Classification is based on the quartiles of a 24-point post-COVID-19 cancer prevention behavior change score that included physical activity (0–6 points), fruit and vegetable intake (0–6 points), alcohol consumption (0–6 points), and tobacco use (0–6 points). A higher score quartile indicates better prevention behavior change. Score quartiles cutoff points were poor (0 to 13), average (14 to 15), good (16 to 18), and excellent (≥18)
||At least one day during the past 30 days with 5 or more alcoholic drinks _on the same occasion amongst participants with alcohol consumption (n = 3,755)
CI = Confidence Interval