Table 4.

Drugs indicated for immune-mediated disorders that could be potentially repurposed in systemic vasculitis

Associated genomic region	Target gene	Drug	Type	Indication	Potential clinical application
2q33.2	CTLA4	Abatacept	Fusion proteins	RA, PsA, JIA	AAV EGPA+
3p21.31	LTK	Fostamatinib	Small molecule	Chronic immune thrombocytopenia	BD IgAV
4p16.2	GAK	Fostamatinib	Small molecule	Chronic immune thrombocytopenia	BD TAK
	IDUA	Chondroitin sulfate	Small molecule	Primary osteoarthritis
5q31.1	C1QA/C1QB	Daclizumab	mAb	MS	EGPA+EGPA BD KD TAK
	CTSL	Fostamatinib	Small molecule	Chronic immune thrombocytopenia
	IL13	Tralokinumab	mAb	Atopic dermatitis
	IL5	Mepolizumab	mAb	EGPA, Asthma, Hypereosinophilic syndrome
		Reslizumab	mAb	Asthma
5q33.3	IL12B	Ustekinumab	mAb	Ps, PsA, CD, UC	BD EGPA+TAK
		Tildrakizumab	mAb	Ps
		Risankizumab	mAb	Ps, PsA, CD
6q26	MAP3K4	Fostamatinib	Small molecule	Chronic immune thrombocytopenia	EGPA- GCA
6q23.3	TNFAIP3	Mesalazine	Small molecule	UC	MPO-AAV BD
		Sulfasalazine	Small molecule	UC, RA
8p21.2	PTK2B	Leflunomide	Small molecule	RA	EGPA+TAK
		Fostamatinib	Small molecule	Chronic immune thrombocytopenia

AAV, ANCA-associated vasculitis; BD, Behçet’s Disease; CD, Crohn’s disease; EGPA+, ANCA-positive EGPA; EGPA-, ANCA-negative EGPA; EGPA, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis; GCA, giant cell arteritis; IgAV, IgA vasculitis; JIA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis; KD, Kawasaki’s disease; MS, multiple sclerosis; Ps, psoriasis; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; RA, rheumatoid arthritis; TAK, Takayasu’s arteritis; UC, ulcerative Colitis.