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. 2023 Jan 11;72(7):1355–1369. doi: 10.1136/gutjnl-2022-327448

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Bacterial infection of human pancreatic necrosis. (A) The bar chart represents the major bacterial taxonomic units that were identified by 16S rRNA gene sequencing in 53 samples of human pancreatic necrosis. Facultative pathogenic were marked in red, beneficial commensal bacteria were marked in green. (B) Enterococcus was observed in necrosectomy samples of 33 patients and thus represented the most abundant taxon and showed a positive correlation with the duration of hospitalisation (Spearman correlation p=0.0002, Spearman r=0.599). (C) Bacterial species were analysed using metagenomic-shotgun sequencing of eight selected necrosis samples. Identified commensal gut bacteria include from the phylum Firmicutes Enterococcus faecalis, Enterococcus faecium and Streptococcus anginosus. In addition, Escherichia coli (phylum of Proteobacteria) and Bacteroides dorei, Bacteroides vulgatus, Bacteroides fragilis, Bacteroides uniformis and Prevotella copri as representatives of the phylum Bacteroidetes were detected.