Table 3.
Incidence of diseases before and during COVID-19, stratified by age
| Diseases | Before COVID-19 | During COVID-19 | P-values of difference | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean | SD | Mean | SD | Mean | Variance | |
| Age: 0–19 years | ||||||
| Cervical disc disorder | 687.1 | 100.5 | 763.6 | 108.4 | 0.037* | 0.557 |
| Lumbar disc disorder | 3870.3 | 357.3 | 3497.5 | 504.9 | 0.020* | 0.711 |
| Forward head posture | 8628.5 | 1194.3 | 8105.3 | 1535.4 | 0.265 | 0.790 |
| Myofascial pain syndrome | 16,154.1 | 3300.1 | 10,642.5 | 3188.6 | < 0.001* | 0.218 |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome | 88.6 | 18.1 | 98.6 | 16.3 | 0.092 | 0.920 |
| Tennis elbow | 436.3 | 69.2 | 391.1 | 84.9 | 0.117 | 0.270 |
| Frozen shoulder | 161.9 | 23.8 | 155.4 | 38.7 | 0.560 | 0.023† |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 199.3 | 22.2 | 396.1 | 324.0 | 0.351 | < 0.001† |
| Gout | 294.4 | 31.7 | 310.5 | 35.3 | 0.170 | 0.530 |
| Hip fracture | 82.3 | 11.6 | 70.1 | 12.6 | 0.002* | 0.888 |
| Distal radius fracture | 5684.2 | 1703.6 | 4493.6 | 1451.7 | 0.032* | 0.433 |
| Spine fracture | 211.8 | 35.3 | 189.0 | 43.0 | 0.092 | 0.605 |
| Age: 20–59 years | ||||||
| Cervical disc disorder | 95,046.9 | 4871.0 | 92,167.3 | 5237.7 | 0.103 | 0.813 |
| Lumbar disc disorder | 189,402.7 | 9890.0 | 175,428.6 | 10,010.7 | < 0.001* | 0.172 |
| Forward head posture | 72,632.5 | 4998.8 | 73,640.0 | 5791.3 | 0.468 | 0.069 |
| Myofascial pain syndrome | 164,495.3 | 20,564.5 | 122,363.3 | 11,316.8 | < 0.001* | 0.062 |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome | 16,482.1 | 1237.0 | 15,406.1 | 1035.7 | 0.007* | 0.314 |
| Tennis elbow | 81,313.7 | 4436.0 | 80,037.5 | 4389.8 | 0.300 | 0.847 |
| Frozen shoulder | 60,103.6 | 2538.1 | 67,081.3 | 4935.0 | < 0.001* | 0.751 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 36,722.7 | 1920.6 | 39,343.4 | 6354.9 | 0.959 | 0.014† |
| Gout | 71,492.7 | 5436.0 | 75,560.3 | 4908.5 | 0.023* | 0.946 |
| Hip fracture | 1498.2 | 67.0 | 1420.3 | 76.7 | 0.002* | 0.855 |
| Distal radius fracture | 8003.5 | 881.8 | 7271.3 | 513.0 | 0.001* | 0.518 |
| Spine fracture | 5190.6 | 294.6 | 4711.0 | 260.9 | < 0.001* | 0.134 |
| Age: 60 + years | ||||||
| Cervical disc disorder | 62,007.9 | 4057.1 | 65,389.6 | 4584.4 | 0.020* | 0.591 |
| Lumbar disc disorder | 173,209.6 | 12,991.9 | 174,865.4 | 13,826.8 | 0.534 | 0.409 |
| Forward head posture | 19,691.2 | 1307.3 | 20,228.4 | 1695.6 | 0.147 | 0.690 |
| Myofascial pain syndrome | 127,642.5 | 9343.6 | 117,864.7 | 19,517.6 | 0.002* | 0.721 |
| Carpal tunnel syndrome | 8890.1 | 723.4 | 9182.7 | 776.3 | 0.233 | 0.478 |
| Tennis elbow | 22,510.9 | 1631.1 | 24,774.6 | 2049.5 | 0.002* | 0.941 |
| Frozen shoulder | 65,847.3 | 3541.7 | 71,691.9 | 6064.1 | 0.001* | 1.000 |
| Rheumatoid arthritis | 40,680.1 | 2268.1 | 37,853.6 | 6281.0 | 0.679 | 0.017† |
| Gout | 34,982.2 | 2322.2 | 35,803.6 | 2068.0 | 0.244 | 0.887 |
| Hip fracture | 13,716.8 | 738.1 | 13,569.9 | 538.9 | 0.569 | 0.302 |
| Distal radius fracture | 12,545.5 | 1219.5 | 13,260.4 | 1553.6 | 0.043* | 0.905 |
| Spine fracture | 36,826.4 | 2242.3 | 36,773.5 | 2377.3 | 1.000 | 0.331 |
Data are presented as mean and SD.
*Mann Whitney U test, significance at < 0.05
†Levene’s test in non-parametric data, significance at < 0.05
COVID-19, coronavirus disease; SD, standard deviation