Table 1.
Participant Characteristics, Stratified by Tobacco Use Status
| Variables | Total (N = 116) | Exclusive Smoker (n = 31) | Exclusive Vaper (n = 26) | Dual user (n = 59) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographics | ||||
| Age, M (SD) | 37.5 (13.5) | 43.1 (12.8) | 30.0 (13.0) | 37.9 (12.7) |
| Gender identity, N (%) | ||||
| Cisgender Man | 53 (46.1) | 17 (54.8) | 13 (50.0) | 23 (39.7) |
| Cisgender Woman | 56 (48.7) | 14 (45.2) | 11 (42.3) | 31 (53.4) |
| Another gendera | 6 (5.2) | 0 (0.0) | 2 (7.7) | 4 (6.9) |
| Sexual identity, N (%) | ||||
| Straight/heterosexual | 84 (73.7) | 24 (77.4) | 20 (80.0) | 40 (69.0) |
| Another sexual identityb | 30 (26.3) | 7 (22.6) | 5 (20.0) | 18 (31.0) |
| Race/ethnicity, N (%) | ||||
| Non-Hispanic White | 77 (67.0) | 23 (74.2) | 19 (73.1) | 35 (60.3) |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 16 (13.9) | 3 (9.7) | 3 (11.5) | 10 (17.2) |
| Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish origin | 8 (7.0) | 2 (6.5) | 0 (0.0) | 6 (10.3) |
| Another race/ethnicityc | 14 (12.2) | 3 (9.7) | 4 (15.4) | 7 (12.1) |
| Educational attainment, N (%) | ||||
| High school diploma/GED or less | 28 (24.3) | 7 (22.6) | 6 (23.1) | 15 (25.9) |
| Some college completed or currently enrolled | 35 (30.4) | 9 (29.0) | 9 (34.6) | 17 (29.3) |
| College degree or higher | 52 (45.2) | 15 (48.4) | 11 (42.3) | 26 (44.8) |
| Employment status, N (%) | ||||
| Full-time | 35 (30.7) | 11 (35.5) | 8 (30.8) | 16 (28.1) |
| Part-time | 24 (21.1) | 8 (25.8) | 5 (19.2) | 11 (19.3) |
| Unemployed | 26 (22.8) | 4 (12.9) | 7 (26.9) | 15 (26.3) |
| Another employment statusd | 29 (25.4) | 8 (25.8) | 6 (23.1) | 15 (26.3) |
| Combustible cigarette use characteristics e | ||||
| No. of days smoked in past 30 days, M (SD) | 23.0 (10.9) | 28.7 (3.9) | - | 20.0 (12.2) |
| No. of cigarettes smoked per day, M (SD) | 10.7 (7.3) | 12.9 (5.8) | - | 9.5 (7.8) |
| Usually smokes menthol cigarettes, N (%) | 38 (43.7) | 10 (33.3) | - | 28 (49.1) |
| E-cigarette use characteristics f | ||||
| No. of days vaped in past 30 days, M (SD) | 23.5 (8.4) | - | 27.9 (3.5) | 21.4 (9.1) |
| No. of times vaped per day, M (SD) | 12.9 (7.3) | - | 16.3 (5.8) | 11.1 (7.4) |
| No. of puffs per vaping episode, M (SD) | 5.5 (5.2) | - | 5.8 (6.3) | 5.4 (4.7) |
| E-cigarette device type currently use g , N (%) | ||||
| Refillable, rechargeable deviceh | 39 (33.6) | - | 9 (49.2) | 30 (65.4) |
| Disposable device | 32 (26.7) | - | 12 (46.2) | 20 (33.9) |
| Juul | 24 (20.7) | - | 5 (19.2) | 19 (32.2) |
| Other pod device | 16 (18.8) | - | 7 (26.9) | 9 (15.3) |
| Another device | 3 (2.6) | - | 2 (7.7) | 1 (1.7) |
| E-cigarette flavor used most often, N (%) | ||||
| Tobacco | 12 (14.3) | - | 1 (3.8) | 11 (19.0) |
| Menthol/mint | 20 (23.8) | - | 6 (23.1) | 14 (24.1) |
| Fruit | 34 (40.5) | - | 14 (53.8) | 20 (34.5) |
| Icei | 12 (14.3) | - | 4 (15.4) | 8 (13.8) |
| Another flavorj | 6 (7.1) | - | 1 (3.8) | 5 (8.6) |
| Type of current nicotine formulation f , N (%) | ||||
| Nicotine Salt | 30 (35.7) | - | 12 (46.2) | 18 (31.0) |
| Nicotine free-base | 12 (14.3) | - | 7 (26.9) | 5 (8.6) |
| Switch back and forth between salt and free-base | 5 (6.0) | - | 1 (3.8) | 4 (6.9) |
| Do not know | 37 (44.0) | - | 6 (23.1) | 31 (53.4) |
Note. Frequencies may not sum to the total due to different patterns of missing data across variables. Exclusive vapers = vape ≥3 days/week for ≥2 months; exclusive cigarette smokers = ≥4 cigarettes/day for ≥2 years; dual users = dual users of e-cigarettes and cigarettes.
Transgender man/woman, non-binary/genderqueer, or something else.
Asexual (n=1), bisexual (n=12), gay (n=4), lesbian (n=1), pansexual (n=4), queer (n=4), questioning/unsure (n=1), or something else (n=3).
Alaska Native, American Indian, Asian or Pacific Islander, or multi-racial.
Retired/disability, summer only, student only, or student with full or part-time job.
Includes current exclusive smokers (n=31) and dual users (n=59).
Includes current exclusive vapers (n=26) and dual users (n=59).
Each device type was measured as binary variable (yes/no). Multiple response was allowed.
Tank system, canister system, vape pen or pen-like rechargeable device, mod or mech-mod rechargeable device, box mod.
Ice-flavor indicates a combination of fruit/sweet and cooling flavors (e.g., blueberry ice).
Unfavored, alcohol, clove, spice, dessert, or other sweets.