Table 3. HPE and its effect on reactive oxygen species.

Author and year	Experiment	Results
Lee et al. 2019 (62)	HPE’s role on liver regeneration in Sprague-Dawley rats	Upregulation of cellular antioxidants
Bak et al. 2018 (63)	HPE’s role in preventing D-galactosamine induced liver toxicity	Induction of antioxidant enzymes and a reduction in reactive oxygen species
Bak et al. 2019 (64)	HPE’s role in preventing hydrogen peroxide induced cell death in C2C12 mouse myoblasts	Reduction of cytosolic and mitochondrial ROS through NF-κB signaling

HPE, human placental extract; ROS, reactive oxygen species.