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(A) ALP activities of stem cells in each calcium silicate cement extract. The Y axis represents the relative ALP activity, compared to the control (osteogenic media), which was set at 100% (B) Calcium concentration measured in material extracts. Data are presented as mean ± standard deviation. Abbreviations: ALP, alkaline phosphatase; DPSC, dental pulp stem cell; ERRM-FS, EndoSequence Root Repair Material-Fast Set Putty; SHED, stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous teeth.
