Table 4. Multivariate analysis of short and long birth intervals, socioeconomic and reproductive health variables, and maternal morbidity.
| Variables | Short interval* | Long interval* |
|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |
| Skin color | ||
| White | Ref. | Ref. |
| Nonwhite | 1.39 (1.00–1.95) | 1.02 (0.80–1.30) |
| Age (years old) | ||
| < 20 | 0.84 (0.56–1.28) | 0.48 (0.02–0.12) |
| 20–34 | Ref. | Ref. |
| ≥ 35 | 1.00 (0.65–1.55) | 2.43 (1.82–3.25) |
| Education level (years) | ||
| < 9 | Ref. | Ref. |
| ≥ 9 | 0.83 (0.64–1.07) | 0.84 (0.67–1.05) |
| Economic status | ||
| A–B | Ref. | Ref. |
| C | 0.91 (0.62–1.33) | 1.25 (0.95–1.65) |
| D–E | 0.83 (0.54–1.26) | 0.82 (0.59–1.14) |
| Type of delivery | ||
| Normal | Ref. | Ref. |
| Cesarean section | 1.20 (0.93–1.54) | 0.95 (0.77–1.17) |
| Number of prenatal visits | ||
| < 6 | Ref. | Ref. |
| ≥ 6 | 1.21 (0.92–1.60) | 0.58 (0.47–0.72) |
| Number of births | ||
| 2 | Ref. | Ref. |
| ≥ 3 | 1.29 (1.01–1.65) | 0.59 (0.49–0.73) |
| High blood pressure | ||
| No | Ref. | Ref. |
| Yes | 0.93 (0.68–1.28) | 0.89 (0.69–1.14) |
| Diabetes | ||
| No | Ref. | Ref. |
| Yes | 0.44 (0.19–1.03) | 0.38 (0.20–0.75) |
| Anemia | ||
| No | Ref. | Ref. |
| Yes | 0.99 (0.79–1.25) | 0.99 (0.83–1.20) |
Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.
*
Reference category: adequate birth interval.