Table 2. Clinical characteristics of the groups of pregnant women with and without gestational diabetes mellitus.
| Variables | Group 1 n (%) |
Group 2 n (%) |
Odds ratio (95% confidence interval) |
p-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pregestational BMI (kg/m2) | ||||
| ≤24.9a | 1,043 (96) | 43 (4) | ||
| >25 | 949 (92.9) | 72 (7.1) | 1.84 (1.25- 2.71) | 0.002 |
| Parity | ||||
| 1 | 886 (92.2) | 35 (3.8) | ||
| 2 | 596 (95.5) | 28 (4.5) | 1.19 (0.72- 1.98) | 0.503 |
| 3 | 670 (92) | 58 (8) | 2.19 (1.42- 3.37) | < 0.001 |
| Smoking | ||||
| Noa | 1539 (95) | 81 (5) | ||
| Yes | 309 (93.1) | 23 (6.9) | 1.41 (0.88- 2.28) | 0.156 |
| PHS | ||||
| Noa | 1945 (94.6) | 110 (5.4) | ||
| Yes | 53 (93) | 4 (7) | 1.34 (0.47- 3.76) | 0.584 |
| Previous GDM | ||||
| Noa | 1981 (94.8) | 108 (5.2) | ||
| Yes | 17 (85) | 3 (15) | 3.24 (0.93–11.21) | 0.064 |
| Previous abortion | ||||
| Noa | 1792 (94.9) | 97 (5.1) | ||
| Yes | 240 (92.3) | 20 (7.7) | 1.54 (0.93- 2.54) | 0.091 |
| AF-DM2 | ||||
| Noa | 1321 (95.3) | 65 (4.7) | ||
| Sim | 563 (93.4) | 40 (6.6) | 1.44 (0.96- 2.17) | 0.076 |
| Height (cm) | ||||
| ≤150a | 140 (6.7) | 7 (5.8) | ||
| >150 | 1945 (93.3) | 113 (94.2) | 1.16 (0.53- 2.54) | 0.707 |
Abbreviations: AF-DM2, family history of type-2 diabetes mellitus; BMI, body mass index; GDM, gestational diabetes mellitus; PHS, previous hypertensive syndromes (hypertension, preeclampsia and eclampsia).
Notes: aReference category. Group 1: no GDM; group 2: GDM.