Table 1. Change in gut microbiota associated with PBC.
| Participants | Sample origin | Comparison | Change of gut microbiota |
Method | Ref | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Increased | Decreased | |||||
| dnTGFβRII mice; WT mice | Feces | PBC vs. Healthy | Firmicutes; Lachnospiraceae; Bacteroidaceae | Bacteroidetes; S24-7; Ruminococcaceae; Rikenellaceae; Porphyromonadaceae | 16SrRNA; 454 Genome Sequencer FLX Titanium platform | Ma et al.5 |
| PBC patients (n=42); Healthy controls (n=30) | Feces | PBC vs. Healthy | γ-Proteobacteria; Spirochaetaceae; Enterobacteriaceae; Veillonella; Neisseriaceae; Enterobacter asburiae; Streptococcus; Enterobacterasburiae; Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae; Anaeroglobus geminatus; Haemophilus parainfluenzae; Megasphaera micronuciformis; Paraprevotella Clara; Klebsiella; | Acidobacteria; Lachnobacterium sp.; Bacteroides eggerthii; Ruminococcus bromii | 16SrRNA; Illumina MiSeq | Lv et al.13 |
| PBC patients (n=79); Healthy controls (n=114) | Feces | PBC vs. Healthy | f-Enterobacteriaceae; Prevotella; Sneathia; Veillonella; Fusobacterium; Haemophilus; Streptococcus; Pseudomonas; f-Clostridiaceae; Citrobacter; Lactobacillus; Salmonella; Clostridium; Klebsiella; | Bacteroides; f-Mogibacteriaceae; Blautia; f-Christensenellaceae; Butyricimonas; Akkermansia; Odoribacter; Dialister; f-S24-7; f-Rikenellaceae; Oscillospira; Faecalibacterium; Sutterella | 16SrRNA; Illumina MiSeq | Chen et al.12 |
| PBC patients (n=60); Healthy controls (n=80) | Feces | PBC vs. Healthy | Fusobacteria; Proteobacteria spp; Haemophilus; Veillonella; Klebsiella; Clostridium; Lactobacillus; Streptococcus; Pseudomonas; Enterobacteriaceae,g; | Bacteroidetes spp; Sutterella; Oscillospira; Faecalibacterium | 16SrRNA; Illumina MiSeq | Tang et al.11 |
| PBC patients (n=23) | Feces | PBC patients with advanced fibrosis (15) vs. with non-advanced fibrosis (8) | Weissella | 16SrRNA; Illumina MiSeq | Lammert et al.10 | |
| PBC patients(n=34); Healthy controls (n=21) | Ileal mucosa | PBC vs. Healthy | Sphingomonas; Pseudomonas; Methylobacterium; Carnobacterium; Acinetobacter; Curvibacter; Clostridiaceae; | Leptotrichia; Morganella; Eikenella; Lautropia; Bulleidia; Atopobium; Paludibacter; Mogibacterium; an unknown genus belonging to the class TM7_3; F16,g (an unknown genus of the family F16) | 16SrRNA; Illumina MiSeq | Kitahata et al.9 |
| PBC patients (n=76); Healthy controls (n=23) | Feces | PBC vs. Healthy | Streptococcus; Lactobacillus; Bifidobacterium; Enterococcus; | Lachnospiraceae; Ruminococcaceae | 16SrRNA; Illumina MiSeq | Furukawa et al.8 |
| PBC patients (n=39); Healthy controls (n=15) | Feces; Saliva | PBC vs. Healthy | Lactobacillales in feces; Eubacterium and Veillonella in saliva; | Clostridium subcluster XIVa in feces; Fusobacterium in saliva; | 16SrRNA; Terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism | Abe et al.7 |
Comparison of condition A vs. condition B: ↑signifies an increase in condition A relative to condition B; ↓signifies a decrease in condition A relative to condition B. PBC, primary biliary cholangitis; WT, wild type.