Table 1.
Veteran characteristics and military history at baseline.
| Variables | Baseline, no workshop (n = 29) |
Workshop sample (n = 64) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | Mean (SD) | N (%) | Mean (SD) | |
| Age | 41.76 (10.83) | 44.61 (10.48) | ||
| Gender | ||||
| Male | 20 (69%) | 39 (61%) | ||
| Female | 9 (31%) | 25 (39%) | ||
| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| White | 6 (21%) | 21 (33%) | ||
| Black | 16 (55%) | 28 (44%) | ||
| Native Hawaiian/Pacific Islander | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | ||
| Hispanic/Latino | 5 (17%) | 10 (16%) | ||
| Other/Unknown | 2 (7%) | 1 (5%) | ||
| Years of education | 14.03 (1.70) | 14.75(2.55) | ||
| Marital status | ||||
| Single | 8 (28%) | 13 (20%) | ||
| Married | 9 (31%) | 31 (49%) | ||
| Divorced | 7 (24%) | 4 (22%) | ||
| Separated | 3 (10%) | 2 (3%) | ||
| Widowed | 0 (0%) | 2 (3%) | ||
| Cohabitating | 1 (3%) | 2 (3%) | ||
| Residence status | ||||
| Urban Residence | 22 (76%) | 32 (50%) | ||
| Rural Residence* | 5 (17%) | 32 (50%) | ||
| Unknown | 2 (7%) | 0 (0%) | ||
| Annual household income | ||||
| < $20,000 | 7 (24%) | 11 (18%) | ||
| $20,000–39,999 | 13 (45%) | 15 (23%) | ||
| $40,000-$59,999 | 5 (17%) | 15 (23%) | ||
| $60,000 or more | 4 (14%) | 23 (36%) | ||
| Employment status | ||||
| Employed (FT/PT) | 12 (42%) | 31 (48%) | ||
| Not employed | 11 (38%) | 24 (38%) | ||
| Student, Employed | 3 (10%) | 3 (5%) | ||
| Student, Not Employed | 3 (10%) | 6 (9%) | ||
| Military branch | ||||
| Army/National Guard | 15 (52%) | 35 (54%) | ||
| Navy | 10 (35%) | 9 (14%) | ||
| Air Force | 2 (7%) | 10 (16%) | ||
| Marines | 1 (3%) | 8 (12%) | ||
| Coast Guard | 1 (3%) | 1 (2%) | ||
| Reserves | 0 (0%) | 1 (2%) | ||
| Deployed | 18 (62%) | 52 (81%) | ||
| Psychological distress (OQ-45)* | 87.07 (30.01) | 75.81 (30.58) | ||
| Stressor-related distress (PCL-5) | 43.03 (20.65) | 36.48 (20.96) | ||
| Community reintegration (M2C-Q) | 2.12 (0.97) | 1.87 (1.01) | ||
| Meaning and purpose (PROMIS MP)* | 37.22 (10.23) | 43.09 (11.59) | ||
| Psychological flexibility (AAQ-II) | 29.49 (13.80) | 25.45 (12.11) | ||
OQ-45 = Outcome Questionnaire-45; PCL-5 = PTSD Checklist-5; M2C-Q – Military to Civilian Questionnaire; PROMIS MP = PROMIS Meaning and Purpose Short Form; AAQ-II – Action and Acceptance Questionnaire-II.
*significant between-group difference at p < 0.05.