. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 4.

Published in final edited form as: J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2023 Mar 3;47(2):1–9. doi: 10.22514/jocpd.2023.007

Table 4.

Association between risk factors and DDE.

Factors		HI			HEU			HUU
Factors		DDE Present	DDE Absent	p Value	DDE Present	DDE Absent	p Value	DDE Present	DDE Absent	p Value
Preterm birth (<37 weeks gestational age)
	Yes	8	25	0.70	7	33	0.96	6	33	0.86
	No	32	119		26	120		24	121
VLBW (<1500g)
	Yes	4	14	0.96	0	2	0.51	0	1	0.67
	No	36	130		33	151		30	153
Low CD4 count ≤500 cells/μL
	Yes	9	53	0.09	33	153	-	30	154
	No	31	91		0	0		0	0

HI: HIV-infected; HEU: HIV-exposed but uninfected; HUU: HIV-unexposed and uninfected; DDE: developmental defects of the enamel; VLBW: very low birth weight; CD4: Cluster of differentiation 4 (CD4) lymphocyte counts.