Table 2.
Characteristics of older males newly diagnosed with diabetes by trajectory groups in Quebec, Canada, n = 5330, 2015.
| Stable low users of medications (n = 766) | Moderate users of medications (n = 1946) | High users of medications (n = 1858) | Very high users of medications (n = 760) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD)1 | 72.3 (5.3) | 73.1 (5.5) | 74.1 (6.0) | 75.0 (6.3) | <0.001 |
| Residence area, n (%) | |||||
| Urban | 594 (77.5) | 1508 (77.5) | 1362 (73.4) | 552 (72.7) | 0.004 |
| Rural | 172 (22.5) | 438 (22.5) | 493 (26.6) | 208 (27.4) | |
| Material deprivation quintile2, n (%) | 0.289 | ||||
| Quintile 1 (privileged) | 118 (16.3) | 312 (17.4) | 249 (14.5) | 97 (14.3) | |
| Quintile 2 | 115 (15.9) | 326 (18.1) | 291 (17.0) | 120 (17.7) | |
| Quintile 3 | 148 (20.4) | 337 (18.7) | 339 (19.8) | 120 (17.7) | |
| Quintile 4 | 166 (22.9) | 384 (21.4) | 378 (22.1) | 170 (25.1) | |
| Quintile 5 (deprived) | 177 (24.4) | 439 (24.4) | 455 (26.6) | 171 (25.2) | |
| Social deprivation quintile2, n (%) | 0.112 | ||||
| Quintile 1 (privileged) | 162 (22.4) | 354 (19.7) | 309 (18.1) | 118 (17.4) | |
| Quintile 2 | 152 (21.0) | 391 (21.7) | 355 (20.7) | 142 (20.9) | |
| Quintile 3 | 147 (20.3) | 394 (21.9) | 365 (21.3) | 134 (19.8) | |
| Quintile 4 | 129 (17.8) | 349 (19.4) | 325 (19.0) | 135 (19.9) | |
| Quintile 5 (deprived) | 134 (18.5) | 310 (17.2) | 358 (20.9) | 149 (22.0) | |
| Comorbidity score, mean (SD)1 | 1.5 (2.5) | 2.0 (2.7) | 3.2 (3.4) | 5.6 (4.3) | <0.001 |
| Number of medications used, mean (SD)1 | 3.2 (2.1) | 7.1 (2.2) | 11.5 (3.2) | 18.7 (6.0) | <0.001 |
| Number of visits to a generalist, mean (SD)1 | 2.0 (1.9) | 2.7 (2.2) | 3.5 (2.8) | 4.7 (3.8) | <0.001 |
| Number of visits to a specialist, mean (SD)1 | 2.6 (3.6) | 3.7 (4.9) | 6.3 (7.2) | 10.8 (14.6) | <0.001 |
| Number of emergency visits, mean (SD)1 | 0.2 (0.7) | 0.3 (0.8) | 0.7 (1.2) | 1.7 (2.5) | <0.001 |
| At least one emergency visits, n (%) | 128 (16.7) | 425 (21.8) | 672 (36.2) | 457 (60.1) | <0.001 |
| Length (in days) of hospitalization, mean (SD)1 | 0.5 (3.3) | 0.7 (5.7) | 2.1 (7.5) | 6.5 (14.8) | <0.001 |
| Hospitalized at least one day, n (%) | 43 (5.6) | 168 (8.6) | 331 (17.8) | 286 (37.6) |
1
SD: Standard deviation.
2
Sum of counts for residence area, material and social deprivation quintiles does not equal the total number of subjects due to missing values.