Table 3.
Characteristics of older females newly diagnosed with diabetes by trajectory groups, Quebec, Canada, n = 5033, 2015.
| Stable low users of medications (n = 552) | Moderate users of medications (n = 1262) | High users of medications (n = 1625) | High and increased users of medications (n = 1205) | Very high users of medications (n = 389) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD)1 | 72.81 (5.92) | 73.81 (6.21) | 75.33 (6.84) | 76.22 (6.76) | 75.90 (7.06) | <0.001 |
| Residence area, n (%) | 0.001 | |||||
| Urban | 454 (82.2) | 1052 (83.4) | 1276 (78.6) | 940 (78.2) | 296 (76.1) | |
| Rural | 98 (17.8) | 210 (16.6) | 348 (21.4) | 262 (21.8) | 93 (23.9) | |
| Material deprivation quintile2, n (%) | 0.002 | |||||
| Quintile 1 (privileged) | 92 (17.6) | 183 (16.0) | 204 (14.3) | 157 (15.2) | 33 (9.7) | |
| Quintile 2 | 99 (19.0) | 171 (14.9) | 247 (17.3) | 168 (16.2) | 56 (16.5) | |
| Quintile 3 | 98 (18.8) | 254 (22.2) | 266 (18.6) | 178 (17.2) | 81 (23.9) | |
| Quintile 4 | 96 (18.4) | 261 (22.8) | 358 (25.1) | 252 (24.3) | 69 (20.4) | |
| Quintile 5 (deprived) | 136 (26.1) | 275 (24.0) | 351 (24.6) | 280 (27.1) | 100 (29.5) | |
| Social deprivation quintile2, n (%) | 0.475 | |||||
| Quintile 1 (privileged) | 102 (19.5) | 197 (17.2) | 227 (15.9) | 153 (14.8) | 55 (16.2) | |
| Quintile 2 | 100 (19.2) | 188 (16.4) | 260 (18.2) | 188 (18.2) | 68 (20.1) | |
| Quintile 3 | 96 (18.4) | 238 (20.8) | 261 (18.3) | 206 (19.9) | 54 (15.9) | |
| Quintile 4 | 110 (21.1) | 247 (21.6) | 332 (23.3) | 240 (23.2) | 75 (22.1) | |
| Quintile 5 (deprived) | 113 (21.6) | 274 (24.0) | 346 (24.2) | 248 (24.0) | 87 (25.7) | |
| Comorbidity score, mean (SD)1 | 0.93 (1.86) | 1.53 (2.44) | 2.46 (3.10) | 3.66 (3.49) | 5.42 (4.01) | <0.001 |
| Number of medications used, mean (SD)1 | 3.17 (2.23) | 7.02 (2.08) | 10.84 (2.65) | 15.60 (3.69) | 23.48 (5.65) | <0.001 |
| Number of visits to a generalist, mean (SD)1 | 2.21 (1.94) | 2.77 (2.10) | 3.37 (2.65) | 4.58 (3.65) | 6.48 (5.37) | <0.001 |
| Number of visits to a specialist, mean (SD)1 | 2.43 (3.53) | 3.13 (4.03) | 4.80 (5.54) | 7.15 (10.65) | 10.53 (9.70) | <0.001 |
| Number of emergency visits, mean (SD)1 | 0.21 (0.61) | 0.30 (0.77) | 0.56 (1.09) | 0.99 (1.48) | 2.07 (2.51) | <0.001 |
| At least one emergency visits, n (%) | 77 (13.9) | 245 (19.4) | 519 (31.9) | 587 (48.7) | 261 (67.1) | <0.001 |
| Length (in days) of hospitalization, mean (SD)1 | 0.32 (2.10) | 0.54 (2.64) | 1.41 (6.62) | 3.10 (9.62) | 7.50 (13.40) | <0.001 |
| Hospitalized at least one day, n (%) | 22 (4.0) | 89 (7.1) | 201 (12.4) | 263 (21.8) | 184 (47.3) | <0.001 |
1
SD: Standard deviation.
2
Sum of counts for material and social deprivation quintiles does not equal the total number of subjects due to missing values.