Table 7.
LCA of selected environmental impacts (per 1,000 kg of carcass weight) of pork production systems using different growing-finishing four-phase feeding programs and considering manure produced as waste in the Opteinics model
| Feeding program1 | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Items | CSBM | LP | DDGS | DDGS + IVT |
| Climate change, kg CO2 equiv. | 3,470 | 3,558 | 4,083 | 4,093 |
| Ozone depletion, kg CFC-11 equiv. | 0.000022 | 0.000027 | 0.000021 | 0.000028 |
| Acidification, mol H + equiv. | 110.0 | 98.0 | 106.7 | 106.2 |
| Terrestrial eutrophication, mol N equiv. | 484.5 | 430.2 | 465.4 | 462.0 |
| Marine eutrophication, kg N equiv. | 44.32 | 44.72 | 45.06 | 44.72 |
| Freshwater eutrophication, kg P equiv. | 23.13 | 24.18 | 26.51 | 26.35 |
| Particulate matter, disease incidence | 0.000859 | 0.000780 | 0.000838 | 0.000835 |
| Water use, m3 water equiv. | 1,678 | 1,551 | 2,516 | 2,468 |
| Fossil resource use, MJ | 19,257 | 19,974 | 27,475 | 28,357 |
| Land use, soil quality index | 254,870 | 229,801 | 185,680 | 185,291 |
1DDGS = CSBM diets with 30% distillers dried grains with solubles; DDGS + IVT = DDGS diets supplemented with L-Ile, L-Val, and L-Trp.