Table 2.
Adjusted Risk Ratios for Factors Associated With Influenza Vaccination Uptake, Stratified by HIV Status
| PWH | PWoH | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Risk Factor | Adjusteda Risk Ratio (95% CI) | P | Adjusteda Risk Ratio (95% CI) | P | Type 3 Effect, P |
| Race | <.001 | ||||
| Black | .89 (.85–.93) | <.001 | .75 (.74–.77) | <.001 | |
| Hispanic | 1.14 (1.11–1.18) | <.001 | .91 (.90–.93) | <.001 | |
| Other | 1.18 (1.13–1.23) | <.001 | 1.20 (1.18–1.22) | <.001 | |
| Unknown | 1.12 (1.04–1.20) | .001 | .87 (.84–.91) | <.001 | |
| White | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| Age group (years) | <.001 | ||||
| 18–29 | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| 30–49 | 1.38 (1.28–1.49) | <001 | 1.63 (1.58–1.68) | <.001 | |
| 50–64 | 1.55 (1.44–1.67) | <.001 | 2.20 (2.13–2.27) | <.001 | |
| 65+ | 1.42 (1.32–1.53) | <.001 | 2.73 (2.64–2.83) | <.001 | |
| Sex | <.001 | ||||
| Female | 1.00 (.96–1.05) | .89 | 1.11 (1.09–1.12) | <.001 | |
| Male | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| Smoking status | <.001 | ||||
| Current | .92 (.87–.98) | .006 | .68 (.67–.70) | <.001 | |
| Not current | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| Alcohol use | <.001 | ||||
| None | .97 (.95–.99) | .009 | .97 (.96–.98) | <.001 | |
| Moderate | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| Unhealthy infrequent | 1.00 (.96–1.05) | .99 | .93 (.92–.95) | <.001 | |
| Unhealthy frequent | 1.03 (.95–1.11) | .54 | .81 (.79–.83) | <.001 | |
| Depression | <.001 | ||||
| Yes | .95 (.93–.98) | <.001 | 1.04 (1.03–1.06) | <.001 | |
| No | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| Calendar year | <.001 | ||||
| 2013 | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| 2014 | .95 (.92–.98) | .003 | .93 (.92–.94) | <.001 | |
| 2015 | .96 (.93–1.00) | .032 | .91 (.90–.92) | <.001 | |
| 2016 | .96 (.93–.99) | .014 | .89 (.88–.90) | <.001 | |
| 2017 | .94 (.91–.97) | <.001 | .91 (.90–.92) | <.001 | |
| 2018 | .96 (.93–1.00) | .027 | .93 (.92–.94) | <.001 | |
| NDI quartile | <.001 | ||||
| Quartile 1 | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| Quartile 2 | .96 (.93–.99) | .010 | .94 (.93–.95) | <.001 | |
| Quartile 3 | .99 (.96–1.02) | .66 | .91 (.90–.92) | <.001 | |
| Quartile 4 | .99 (.96–1.02) | .37 | .86 (.85–.87) | <.001 | |
| Insurance | <.001 | ||||
| Medicare | .90 (.88–.93) | <.001 | 1.30 (1.28–1.32) | <.001 | |
| Medicaid | .98 (.92–1.04) | .48 | 1.04 (1.01–1.08) | .014 | |
| Commercial | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| Outpatient encounters | <.001 | ||||
| 0–9 | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| 10–19 | 1.07 (1.04–1.09) | <.001 | 1.27 (1.26–1.28) | <.001 | |
| 20+ | 1.06 (1.04–1.09) | <.001 | 1.37 (1.36–1.39) | <.001 | |
| BMI (kg/m2) | <.001 | ||||
| ≥25.0 | 1.06 (1.04–1.08) | <.001 | .99 (.98–1.00) | .15 | |
| <25.0 | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| Charlson comorbidity score | <.001 | ||||
| 0 | … | (ref) | … | (ref) | |
| 1 | .96 (.93–.98) | .001 | 1.16 (1.14–1.17) | <.001 | |
| 2+ | .86 (.84–.88) | <.001 | 1.17 (1.16–1.18) | <.001 | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NDI, neighborhood deprivation index; PWH, people with HIV; PWoH, people without HIV; ref, reference.
Adjusted for HIV status and all covariates in the table. In separate models for each covariate in the table, we included interaction terms for HIV status and the measure of interest.