Table 1.

Reported performance of machine learning models on PASSer

Models	Precision	Recall	F1 score	Top 1	Top 3
Ensemble learning	0.726	0.847	0.782	60.7%	84.9%
Automated machine learning	0.850	0.616	0.701	65.1%	82.7%
Learning-to-rank	0.662	0.662	0.662	59.5%	83.6%