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. 2023 Jul 3;15(1):2229945. doi: 10.1080/19490976.2023.2229945

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© 2023 The Author(s). Published with license by Taylor & Francis Group, LLC.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits unrestricted non-commercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The terms on which this article has been published allow the posting of the Accepted Manuscript in a repository by the author(s) or with their consent.

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Figure 7. — A diet high in LA decreases barrier function and alters the metabolome in the intestines of conventionally raised and germ-free mice.

Notes: (a) Epithelial barrier permeability as measured by FITC-Dextran in the blood in GF mice fed either Viv chow or SO+f diet for 12 weeks. T-test. N = 3–5 per group. See Supplementary Figure S6D for comparison of Conv and GF FITC. (b) PCA of oxylipin and endocannabinoid/NAE metabolites in IECs isolated from Conv and GF mice fed either Viv chow or SO+f diet for 8 weeks. N = 6 per group. (c) Schematic and Venn analysis of metabolomics data in B. Absolute levels of fatty acids (d), graph showing ratio of product-substrate for metabolism of LA to AA (omega-6) and ALA to EPA (omega-3) (e) and absolute levels of endocannabinoids/NAEs (f) measured in IECs from Conv and GF mice fed either Viv chow or SO+f diets for 8 weeks. ^a vs Conv Viv, ^b vs Conv SO+f, ^c vs GF Viv P < .05, P = .07 for AA Conv Viv vs GF Viv, One-way ANOVA (Holm-Sidak posthoc). N = 6 per group. See Supplementary Figures S7 and S8.