Table 3.
Predictors of partner’s burden, anxiety and depressive symptoms.
| Burden |
Anxiety |
Depressive symptoms |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Predictors | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value | Estimate (95% CI) | p-value |
| Intercept | 4.35 (−0.39; 9.10) | 0.072 | 5.74 (0.61; 10.87) | 0.028 | 2.83 (−1.08; 6.74) | 0.156 |
| Time (months) | 0.01 (−0.01; 0.04) | 0.246 | −0.23 (−0.43; −0.03) | 0.023 | 0.01 (−0.01; 0.02) | 0.341 |
| Quadratic effect of time | - | 0.01 (0.00; 0.01) | < 0.001 | - | ||
| Cubic effect of time | - | - | - | |||
| Partner characteristics | ||||||
| Age in years | −0.03 (−0.06; 0.00) | 0.049 | −0.03 (−0.06; 0.01) | 0.155 | 0.04 (0.01; 0.06) | 0.006 |
| Age in years*time | - | 0.00 (0.00; 0.00) | 0.308 | - | ||
| Male sex | −0.39 (−1.12; 0.35) | 0.303 | −0.25 (−0.99; 0.50) | 0.512 | 0.21 (−0.41; 0.84) | 0.505 |
| Male sex*time | - | - | - | |||
| Higher education | 0.86 (0.17; 1.55) | 0.014 | 0.08 (−0.62; 0.78) | 0.819 | −0.10 (−0.68; 0.49) | 0.745 |
| Higher education*time | - | - | - | |||
| Burden (CSI) | 0.28 (0.19; 0.36) | < 0.001 | 0.16 (0.09; 0.24) | < 0.001 | ||
| Burden (CSI)*time | - | - | ||||
| Anxiety (HADS-A) | 0.22 (0.15; 0.29) | < 0.001 | 0.42 (0.36; 0.48) | < 0.001 | ||
| Anxiety (HADS-A)*time | - | - | ||||
| Depressive symptoms (HADS-D) | 0.18 (0.10; 0.27) | < 0.001 | 0.56 (0.48; 0.64) | < 0.001 | ||
| Depressive symptoms (HADS-D)*time | - | - | ||||
| Proactive coping (UPCC) | 0.01 (−0.69; 0.72) | 0.967 | −0.04 (−0.86; 0.79) | 0.930 | −1.27 (−1.86; −0.68) | < 0.001 |
| Proactive coping (UPCC)*time | - | 0.01 (−0.02; 0.05) | 0.488 | - | ||
| Self-efficacy (GSES) | 0.07 (−0.01; 0.16) | 0.096 | −0.12 (−0.20; −0.03) | 0.006 | 0.00 (−0.07; 0.07) | 0.967 |
| Self-efficacy (GSES)*time | - | - | - | |||
| Patient characteristics | ||||||
| Stroke severity (NIHSS) | 0.15 (0.02; 0.29) | 0.026 | - | - | ||
| Stroke severity (NIHSS)*time | −0.01 (−0.01; 0.00) | 0.108 | - | - | ||
| ADL independence (BI) | −0.07 (−0.15; 0.02) | 0.127 | 0.02 (−0.06; 0.10) | 0.557 | 0.02 (−0.05; 0.08) | 0.642 |
| ADL independence (BI)*time | - | - | - | |||
| Cognitive functioning (MoCA) | −0.10 (−0.19; −0.01) | 0.027 | 0.08 (−0.01; 0.17) | 0.067 | −0.05 (−0.13; 0.02) | 0.154 |
| Cognitive functioning (MoCA)*time | - | - | - | |||
| Anxiety (HADS-A) | 0.09 (0.02; 0.16) | 0.013 | 0.06 (−0.02; 0.13) | 0.148 | −0.03 (−0.09; 0.04) | 0.446 |
| Anxiety (HADS-A)*time | - | - | - | |||
| Depressive symptoms (HADS-D) | 0.16 (0.10; 0.23) | < 0.001 | 0.05 (−0.05; 0.15) | 0.346 | 0.08 (0.01; 0.15) | 0.019 |
| Depressive symptoms (HADS-D)*time | - | −0.01 (−0.01; 0.00) | 0.064 | - | ||
CSI: Caregiver Strain Index; HADS-A: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Anxiety subscale; HADS-D: Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression subscale; UPCC: Utrecht Proactive Coping Competence Scale; GSES: General Self-Efficacy Scale; NIHSS: National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; ADL: activities of daily living; BI: Barthel Index; MoCA: Montreal Cognitive Assessment.