. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 May 1.

Published in final edited form as: Women Birth. 2022 Sep 9;36(3):257–263. doi: 10.1016/j.wombi.2022.08.007

Table 1.

Participant demographic characteristics and doula care received (N = 14).

Demographic Characteristic	n	%
Mean age, years (SD)	30 (7)	–
Race/ethnicity^a
Black	14	100
Pacific Islander	1	7.1
Insurance type
Private	4	28.6
Medi-Cal	10	71.4
Time living in San Francisco
San Francisco native	10	71.4
More than 10 years	2	14.3
Less than 10 years	2	14.3
Parent Status
Parenting	6	42.9
Expecting first child	8	57.1
Clients requiring extra support	3	21.4
Doula support during birth^b	11	78.6
Gave birth before prior to COVID-19 (3/20/20)	9	64.3
Pregnancy or birth complications^c	10	71.4

Notes:

^(a)

Participants could report identifying with multiple racial and ethnic groups, thus the sum of all categories exceeds 15.

^(b)

Doula support during birth includes in-person support, or virtual support via video, phone, or text.

^(c)

Pregnancy and birth complications included high-risk pregnancies, preeclampsia, gestational diabetes, and babies’ stay in the NICU.