Table I.
Family Demographics and Child Clinical Characteristics
| Program completer (n = 52 families*) | Non-completer: withdrawn (n = 4) or LTF (n = 6) | p (Cramer’s V or Cohen’s d) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent participating,an (%) | |||
| Mother | 47 (90%) | 10 (100%) | .583 (.255) |
| Father | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Mother and father together | 5 (10%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Parent-reported heritage culture,bn (%) | Low cell count precluded analysis* | ||
| Middle Eastern (Persian, Arabic/Islam) | 4 (6%) | 2 (17%) | |
| South Asian (Indian, East Indian, Pakistan) | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Caribbean (African descent or West-Indian) | 3 (4%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Canadian | 19 (27%) | 4 (33%) | |
| European (French, German, Greek, Italian, Irish, Scottish) | 17 (24%) | 4 (33%) | |
| American | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
| British | 9 (13%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Chinese | 1 (1%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Hispanic | 2 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Jewish | 3 (4%) | 1 (8%) | |
| Christian | 2 (3%) | 1 (8%) | |
| Prefer not to say/no response | 6 (9%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Parent current age M (SD) | |||
| Mother | 40.02 years (5.84 years) | 40.20 years (6.16 years) | .929 (.029) |
| Father | 42.68 years (6.53 years) | 43.60 years (8.97 years) | .714 (.117) |
| Parent education,cn (%) | Low cell count precluded analysis* | ||
| High school diploma or less | 6 (12%) | 1 (10%) | |
| College/university | 46 (88%) | 9 (90%) | |
| Full-time employment status,cn (%) | Low cell count precluded analysis* | ||
| Full-time | 41 (79%) | 8 (80%) | |
| Part-time | 5 (10%) | 1 (10%) | |
| Not currently employed | 6 (11%) | 1 (10%) | |
| Marital status, n (%) | Low cell count precluded analysis* | ||
| Married/living with someone | 39 (75%) | 7 (70%) | |
| Separated/divorced | 5 (10%) | 2 (20%) | |
| Other/would rather not say | 8 (15%) | 1 (10%) | |
| English as primary language, n (%) | |||
| Yes | 51 (98%) | 9 (90%) | .299 (.168) |
| Other languages spoken at home,dn (%) | |||
| Yes | 37 (71%) | 9 (90%) | .098 (.376) |
| Age of child M (SD) | 7.26 years (2.20 years) | 7.86 years (1.09 years) | .486 (.345) |
| Gender of child—males, n (%) | 43 (83%) | 8 (80%) | .593 (.046) |
| Recruitment organization, n (%) | |||
| SickKids | 17 (33%) | 3 (30%) | .591 (.021) |
| POND | 35 (67%) | 7 (70%) | |
| Child conditions, n (%) | Low cell count precluded analysis* | ||
| ADHD | 27 (39%) | 5 (46%) | |
| ASD | 28 (41%) | 3 (27%) | |
| Stroke | 3 (3%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Epilepsy/seizures | 6 (9%) | 2 (18%) | |
| Preterm birth | 1 (2%) | 0 (0%) | |
| Genetic syndromese | 4 (6%) | 1 (9%) | |
| Child behavior and parent mental health, M (SD) | |||
| Pre-ECBI intensity T score | 58.35 (8.78) | 61.00 (6.83) | .370 (.336) |
| Pre-ECBI problem T score | 60.60 (10.58) | 65.40 (9.61) | .188 (.475) |
| Pre-DASS stress score | 14.12 (10.30) | 14.30 (8.71) | .958 (.019) |
| Pre-DASS anxiety score | 5.50 (7.59) | 6.50 (5.64) | .694 (149) |
| Pre-DASS depression score | 8.35 (10.36) | 7.50 (3.24) | .800 (.111) |
a
All parents were biological parents.
b
Counts reflect the total number of endorsed cultures/heritages within and across participants, as many parents provided more than 1 classification (e.g., bi-cultural influences).
c
Education and employment status were based on primary income earner.
d
Other languages included Arabic, Farsi, French, Italian, Greek, Ukrainian, Portuguese, Spanish, Tagalog, Urdu, Yoruba, and Amharic.
e
Genetic syndromes co-occurred with epilepsy.
*
One family that completed Step 3 did not complete all post-study questionnaires.