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. 2023 Jun 28;619(7968):143–150. doi: 10.1038/s41586-023-06249-4

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 8 — A, Body temperature (rectal temperature). Data are means ± SEM, n = 6 mice/group (Vehicle), n = 7 mice/group (GDF15 and Pair-fed groups). B, Surface temperature of mice. Data are means ± SEM, n = 6 mice/group (Vehicle), n = 7 mice (GDF15 and Pair-fed groups). C, Representative infrared images of mice. Images are displayed using the rainbow high contrast colour palette in the FLiR Research IR program. Data are means ± SEM, n = 6 mice/group (Vehicle and GDF15 groups), n = 7 mice (Pair-fed). D, k₁ in mL·g⁻¹·min⁻¹ (Tissue blood flow index based on the uptake rate of [¹¹C]-acetate) in liver, interscapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT), heart and kidney. Data are means ± SEM, n = 12 mice/group (Vehicle), n = 13 mice/group (GDF15). E, k₂ in min⁻¹ (oxidative metabolism index: the rapid fractional tissue clearance of [¹¹C]-acetate) in liver, iBAT, heart and kidney. Data are means ± SEM, n = 12 mice/group (Vehicle except iBAT, n = 11 mice), n = 11 mice, n = 13 mice/group (GDF15 except iBAT, n = 11 mice). F, k₃ in min⁻¹ (non-oxidative disposal: trapping of ¹¹C in tissue as free [¹¹C]-acetate or other metabolites, such as lipids) in liver, heart and kidney. Data are means ± SEM, n = 12 mice/group (Vehicle), n = 13 mice/group (GDF15). G, Fatty acid (FA) uptake rate in liver, iBAT, myocardium and kidney using [¹¹C]-palmitate PET. Data are means ± SEM, n = 12 mice (Vehicle), n = 13 mice (GDF15). P values by Paired t test H, FA oxidation rate in liver, iBAT, myocardium and kidney. Data are means ± SEM, n = 12 mice (Vehicle), n = 13 mice (GDF15). I, FA esterification rate in liver, iBAT, myocardium and kidney. Data are means ± SEM, n = 12 mice (Vehicle), n = 13 mice (GDF15).

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