Table 2.

The clinical outcome data of the patients of OLIF, OLIF-AF, and OLIF-PF groups

Variable		OLIF (n = 25)	OLIF-AF (n = 19)	OLIF-PF (n = 27)	p-value
Procedural outcomes
	Fused segments				0.175
	Single	12	9	19
	Double	13	10	8
	Operative time (min)	97.2 ± 37.9	118.3 ± 48.0	195.8 ± 45.5	0.000*
	Intraoperative blood loss (mL)	20 (5–60)	40 (10–100)	50 (40–150)	0.000*
	Hospitalization (day)	8.8 ± 2.4	8.0 ± 2.0	8.5 ± 2.1	0.413
Complications		16	10	13	0.503
	Revision	2	0	0	NA
	Cage-associated infection	0	0	0	NA
	Cage migration	1	0	2	NA
	Subsidence	13	10	10	0.010*
	Pedicle screw breakage	0	0	1	NA
Rating
	Pre-VAS of low back	5.0 (2.0–7.0)	5.0 (0–7.0)	5.0 (0–8.0)	0.699
	Post-VAS of low back	2.0 (1.0–4.0)	3.0 (0–4.0)	2.0 (0–3.0)	0.694
	Follow-up VAS of low back	1.0 (0–2.0)	1.0 (0–2.0)	1.0 (0–3.0)	0.316
	Delta VAS of low back†	4.0 (2.0–6.0)	4.0 (0–6.0)	3.5 (0–5.0)	0.259
	Pre-VAS of leg	4.0 (0–6.0)	3.5 (0–6.0)	2.5 (0–7.0)	0.540
	Post-VAS of leg	1.0 (0–3.0)	1.5 (0–3.0)	1.0 (0–4.0)	0.687
	Follow-up VAS of leg	0 (0–2.0)	1.0(0–2.0)	0 (0–3.0)	0.686
	Delta VAS of leg†	3.0 (0–5.0)	3.0(0–5.0)	2.5 (0–5.0)	0.418
	Pre-ODI (%)	44.0 (22.0–60.0)	46.5 (21.0–57.0)	43.5 (24.0–58.0)	0.101
	Post-ODI (%)	16.0 (9.0–28.0)	21.0 (10.0–23.0)	16.5 (7.0–23.0)	0.459
	Follow-up ODI (%)	7.0 (4.0–17.0)	10.0 (5.0–22.0)	8.0 (4.0–18.0)	0.115

Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or median (range).

OLIF, oblique lateral interbody fusion; OLIF-AF, OLIF combined with anterolateral screw fixation; OLIF-PF, OLIF combined with percutaneous pedicle screw fixation; VAS, visual analogue scale; ODI, Oswestry Disability Index; NA, not available.

^*Statistically significant at p<0.05.

^†The delta VAS of low back/leg was calculated as the pre-VAS score minus follow-up VAS.