Table 4.

Association of transportation barriers with cause-specific mortality risk among US adults with a history of cancer^a

Cause of death	Delay in care due to lack of transportationb	Event/No.	Weighted %	Hazard ratio (95% CI)	P c
All-cause	Yes	322/988	32.5	1.33 (1.14 to 1.54)	.0002
	No	7002/27652	23.9	Referent
Cancer	Yes	125/988	13.2	1.30 (1.03 to 1.64)	.03
	No	3109/27652	10.9	Referent

^aData source: 2000-2018 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS) and 2019 NHIS linked Mortality Files. Cancer deaths identified as International Classification of Diseases–10 C00-C97 as underlying cause of death. CI = confidence interval.

^bDelays in care due to transportation barriers were measured by the question, “Have you delayed getting care in the past 12 months because you did not have transportation?”

^cMultivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model used age as the timescale and adjusted for sex, race and ethnicity, educational attainment, health insurance, comorbidities, region, survey year era, functional limitations, time since cancer diagnosis, and cancer type (breast, colorectal, prostate, and others).