Table 2.
Histopathological and clinical outcomes in infants with intestinal hemorrhage
| Intestinal Hemorrhage( 0- 2), n = 67 |
Intestinal Hemorrhage (3- 4), n = 81 |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Histopathology | |||
| Necrosis (mean ± SD) | 1.49 (1.35) | 1.95 (1.28) | 0.037 |
| Inflammation (mean ± SD) | 1.63 (0.92) | 2.67 (0.94) | <0.001 |
| Hemorrhage (mean ± SD) | 1.54 (0.68) | 3.65 (0.48) | <0.001 |
| Healing y/n, n (%) | 29 ( 43.3) | 24 ( 29.6) | 0.121 |
| Fibroblasts (mean ± SD) | 0.92 (1.07) | 1.47 (1.04) | 0.023 |
| Neovascularization (mean ± SD) | 0.95 (1.03) | 1.57 (1.07) | 0.01 |
| Epithelial regeneration, n (%) | 1 ( 1.7) | 5 ( 16.7) | 0.029 |
| Postoperative Outcomes | |||
| Postoperative ileus days (days) (mean ±SD) | 18.68 (15.35) | 15.03 (12.06) | 0.14 |
| Postoperative day at starting enteral feedings (days) (mean ±SD) | 19.55 (15.48) | 16.73 (14.75) | 0.305 |
| Achievement of full feeds, n (%) | 44 ( 73.3) | 48 ( 66.7) | 0.522 |
| Day attainment of full enteral feedings (120 ml/kg) (mean ±SD) | 69.17 (43.12) | 74.04 (45.27) | 0.589 |
| Duration of parenteral nutrition (days) (mean ±SD) | 94.13 (52.92) | 84.49 (59.20) | 0.309 |
| 24h Ionotropic support, n (%) | 51 ( 77.3) | 51 ( 69.9) | 0.427 |
| Cholestasis following NEC onset, n (%) | 39 ( 72.2) | 23 ( 62.2) | 0.434 |
| Length of stay (days) (mean ±SD) | 129.02 (72.34) | 146.41 (101.26) | 0.248 |
| Death, n (%) | 20 ( 29.9) | 31 ( 38.3) | 0.369 |
| Surgical complications | |||
| Surgical complication, n (%) | 31 ( 46.3) | 29 ( 35.8) | 0.262 |
| Single complication, n (%) | 17 ( 25.4) | 16 ( 19.8) | 0.536 |
| More than 1 complication, n (%) | 11 ( 16.4) | 11 ( 13.6) | 0.802 |
| Adhesions, n (%) | 17 ( 25.4) | 10 ( 12.3) | 0.067 |
| Wound dehiscence, n (%) | 9 ( 13.4) | 8 ( 9.9) | 0.677 |
| Wound infection, n (%) | 5 ( 7.5) | 13 ( 16.0) | 0.181 |
| Stricture, n (%) | 4 ( 6.0) | 7 ( 8.6) | 0.763 |
| Fistula, n (%) | 4 ( 6.0) | 3 ( 3.7) | 0.797 |
| Compartment syndrome, n (%) | 3 ( 4.5) | 0 ( 0.0) | 0.181 |