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. 2022 Jul 1;29(3):140–153. doi: 10.4078/jrd.2022.29.3.140

Table 1.

Inflammasome stimulators

Stimulus Inflammasome
NLRP1 NLRP3 NLRP4 (IPAF) AIM2
Whole pathogen Staphylococcus aureus Salmonella typhimurium
Escherichia coli Shigella flexneri
Aspergillus fumigatus Legionella pneumophilia
Candida albicans Pseudomonas aeruginosa
Neisseria gonorrhoea
Listeria monocytogenes
Mycobacterium marinum
Influenza A
Vesicular stomatitis virus
Adenovirus
PAMPs Bacillus anthracis lethal toxin LPS Flagellin
MDP Nigericin
MDP
Viral DNA
Bacterial RNA
Poly(I:C)
Aerolysin
Maitotoxin
DAMPs MSU Cytosolic dsDNA
Silica
Asbestos
Amyloid-β
Alum
Cholesterol
Glucose
CPPD
Nanomaterials
Extracellular ATP
Hyaluron
Skin irritants
UVB

PAMPs: pathogen-associated molecular patterns, DAMPs: danger-associated molecular patterns, MSU: monosodium urate, LPS: lipopolysaccharide, MDP: muramyl dipeptide, Poly(I:C): polycytidylic acid, CPPD: calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate, UVB: ultraviolet B, ATP: adenosine triphosphate. Adapted from Kingsbury et al. (J Inflamm Res 2011;4:39-49) [9].