Table 2.
Prevalence ratios of cancer risk factors for transgender and gender diverse individuals compared with cisgender individuals in the UK’s Clinical Practice Research Datalink (with imputation)
| Outcome | Transmasculine people versus cisgender men, PR (95% CI) | Transmasculine people versus cisgender women, PR (95% CI) | Transfeminine people versus cisgender men, PR (95% CI) | Transfeminine people versus cisgender women, PR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Obesity (BMI ≥30 kg/m2)a | 1.39 (1.30 to 1.49) | 1.17 (1.09 to 1.26) | 1.02 (0.93 to 1.11) | 0.88 (0.80 to 0.95) |
| Current smokera | 1.00 (0.93 to 1.08) | 1.23 (1.14 to 1.32) | 1.05 (0.99 to 1.13) | 1.30 (1.22 to 1.39) |
| Former smokera | 1.27 (1.18 to 1.35) | 1.21 (1.13 to 1.30) | 1.11 (1.04 to 1.18) | 1.11 (1.04 to 1.19) |
| Current alcohol usea | 0.95 (0.91 to 0.99) | 0.98 (0.94 to 1.02) | 1.00 (0.96 to 1.04) | 1.04 (1.00 to 1.08) |
| Former alcohol usea | 1.33 (1.17 to 1.51) | 1.27 (1.12 to 1.44) | 1.13 (0.97 to 1.32) | 1.15 (0.99 to 1.35) |
| Dyslipidaemiaa | 0.94 (0.83 to 1.06) | 1.31 (1.15 to 1.48) | 1.12 (1.02 to 1.22) | 1.53 (1.40 to 1.68) |
| Diabetesa,b | 1.24 (1.04 to 1.47) | 1.29 (1.09 to 1.53) | 1.05 (0.90 to 1.23) | 1.24 (1.06 to 1.45) |
| HIV infectionc | 2.40 (1.43 to 4.02) | 4.41 (2.60 to 7.45) | 3.29 (2.20 to 4.91) | 6.02 (3.98 to 9.12) |
| Hepatitis C infectionc | 1.27 (0.72 to 2.23) | 2.21 (1.25 to 3.91) | 1.71 (1.11 to 2.63) | 3.10 (2.00 to 4.82) |
| Hepatitis B infectionc | 1.05 (0.53 to 2.08) | 1.23 (0.62 to 2.44) | 1.48 (0.87 to 2.50) | 1.78 (1.05 to 3.01) |
a
Prevalence ratios were estimated using multiple imputation to impute missing values for sex assigned at birth, BMI, smoking, and alcohol use with log-binomial regression adjusted for age, index year, and index practice.
b
Models also adjusted for obesity.
c
Prevalence ratios were estimated using multiple imputation to impute missing values for sex assigned at birth, BMI, smoking, and alcohol use with Poisson regression with a robust variance estimator adjusted for age, index year, and index practice.
BMI = body mass index. PR = prevalence ratio.