Table 1.
Patient characteristics in the non-DM and DM groups before and after matching
| Characteristic | Non-DM |
DM (n=71) | P-value |
|||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Unmatched (n=366) | Matched (n=71) | Unmatched | Matched | |||
| Age (yr)a) | 67.6 ± 10.8 | 67.4 ± 11.5 | 67.2 ± 10.6 | 0.875 | 0.987 | |
| Serum PSA level (ng/mL) | 1.6 ± 1.4 | 2.5 ± 1.6 | 2.8 ± 1.8 | 0.015* | 0.096 | |
| Fasting blood glucose level (mg/dL) | 87.6 ± 10.2 | 92.3 ± 19.1 | 109 ± 38.1 | 0.008* | 0.034* | |
| Comorbidity | ||||||
| Hypertension | 146 (39.9) | 30 (42.3) | 48 (67.6) | 0.018* | 0.021* | |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 32 (8.7) | 13 (18.3) | 14 (19.7) | < 0.001* | 0.322 | |
| Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | 40 (10.9) | 11 (15.5) | 10 (14.1) | 0.348 | 0.594 | |
| Ischemic heart disease | 46 (12.6) | 12 (16.9) | 13 (18.3) | 0.036* | 0.217 | |
| IPSS, baselinea) | ||||||
| Total | 16.8 ± 8.7 | 17.9 ± 5.6 | 18.3 ± 6.3 | 0.098 | 0.542 | |
| Voiding symptoms | 9.5 ± 6.7 | 10.3 ± 5.9 | 10.5 ± 5.2 | 0.131 | 0.976 | |
| Storage symptoms | 4.3 ± 3.7 | 5.2 ± 4.1 | 5.3 ± 4.6 | 0.063 | 0.873 | |
| Quality of life | 3.5 ± 2.2 | 3.8 ± 3.6 | 3.9 ± 3.1 | 0.782 | 0.985 | |
| Uroflowmetry, baseline | ||||||
| Maximum flow rate (mL/sec) | 14.8 ± 4.2 | 13.2 ± 6.3 | 12.8 ± 5.9 | 0.097 | 0.195 | |
| Voided volume (mL) | 225 ± 124 | 228 ± 158 | 231 ± 167 | 0.798 | 0.875 | |
| Postvoid residual urine volume (mL) | 68 ± 53 | 76 ± 105 | 115 ± 98 | 0.007* | 0.028* | |
| Transrectal ultrasonography | ||||||
| TPV (mL)a) | 52.5 ± 35.4 | 63.8 ± 31.5 | 65.4 ± 33.8 | 0.008* | 0.154 | |
| TZV (mL) | 23.2 ± 15.7 | 31.3 ± 17.4 | 32.9 ± 21.1 | 0.013* | 0.325 | |
| PUA (°) | 45.6 ± 6.8 | 52.7 ± 7.8 | 53.2 ± 7.1 | 0.045* | 0.584 | |
| Medication within 3 months | ||||||
| α-blockers | 285 (77.9) | 57 (80.3) | 58 (81.7) | 0.039* | 0.575 | |
| Antimuscarinics | 47 (12.8) | 10 (14.1) | 13 (18.3) | 0.072 | 0.267 | |
| Bethanechol | 41 (11.2) | 10 (14.1) | 11 (15.5) | 0.028* | 0.796 | |
| Surgery | 0.486 | 0.752 | ||||
| TURP | 236 (64.5) | 45 (63.4) | 43 (60.6) | |||
| HoLEP | 130 (35.5) | 26 (36.6) | 28 (39.4) | |||
Values are presented as mean±standard deviation or number (%).
DM, diabetes mellitus; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; IPSS, international prostate symptom score; TPV, total prostate volume; TZV, transitional zone volume; PUA, prostatic urethral angle; TURP, transurethral resection of prostate; HoLEP, holmium laser enucleation of prostate.
a)
Matched variable.
*
P<0.05, statistically significant differences.