Table 1.
Summary of cohort population’s clinical, radiological, and pathological data
| Variable | Total cohort | PCa | csPCa | ciPCa | Negative | p value* |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample Size, n (%) | 389 (100) | 192 (49.4) | 132 (33.9) | 60 (15.4) | 197 (50.6) | - |
| Age, years, Median (IQR) | 67.16 (43–85) | 70.0 (51–86) | 70.8 (51–86) | 68.2 (52–82) | 64.1 (43–84) | < 0.001 |
| PSA, ng/mL, Median (IQR) | 8.42 (0.08–86.20) | 9.93 (0.5–86.20) | 11.08 (1.13–86.20) | 7.37 (0.50–20.28) | 6.95 (0.08–25.80) | < 0.001 |
| Prostate Volume, mL, Median (IQR) | 53.39 (10–279) | 46.99 (10–153) | 45.47 (10–153) | 50.30 (16–139) | 59.41 (11–279) | < 0.001 |
| PSA Density, ng/mL2, Median (IQR) | 0.19 (0.002–1.60) | 0.26 (0.02–1.60) | 0.30 (0.02–1.60) | 0.16 (0.02–0.49) | 0.13 (0.002–0.98) | < 0.001 |
| Experimental PI-RADS | ||||||
| 2, n (%) | 37 (9.5) | 1 (0.3) | 0 (0) | 1 (0.3) | 36 (9.3) | < 0.001 |
| 3, n (%) | 80 (20.6) | 12 (3.1) | 2 (0.5) | 10 (2.6) | 68 (17.5) | < 0.001 |
| 3up, n (%) | 69 (17.7) | 17 (4.4) | 10 (2.6) | 7 (1.8) | 52 (13.4) | < 0.001 |
| 4, n (%) | 135 (34.7) | 104 (26.7) | 72 (18.5) | 32 (8.2) | 31 (8.00) | < 0.001 |
| 4 + 3p, n (%) | 204 (52.4) | 121 (31.1) | 82 (21.1) | 39 (10.0) | 83 (21.4) | < 0.001 |
| 5, n (%) | 68 (17.5) | 60 (15.4) | 50 (12.8) | 10 (2.6) | 8 (2.1) | < 0.001 |
| Biopsy cores | ||||||
| Total, Median (IQR) | 3.6 (1–6) | 3.6 (1–6) | 3.6 (1–6) | 3.6 (2–6) | - | 0.819 |
| Positive cores, Median (IQR) | 2.8 (1–6) | 2.74 (1–6) | 3.0 (1–6) | 2.2 (1–4) | - | < 0.001 |
| Positive cores %, Median (IQR) | 40.8 (3.2–100) | 40.8 (3.2–100) | 49.6 (6–100) | 22.3 (3.2–68.7) | - | < 0.001 |
| Positive cores lenght, Median (IQR) | 1.48 (0.05–6.00) | 1.48 (0.05–6.00) | 1.80 (0.15–6.00) | 0.82 (0.05–4.4) | - | < 0.001 |
| ISUP grade (Gleason score), n (%) | ||||||
| Negative | 197 (50.6) | - | - | - | 197 (50.6) | - |
| 1 (3 + 3) | 61 (15.7) | 61 (15.7) | - | 61 (15.7) | - | - |
| 2 (3 + 4) | 79 (20.3) | 79 (20.3) | 79 (20.3) | - | - | - |
| 3 (4 + 3) | 28 (7.2) | 28 (7.2) | 28 (7.2) | - | - | - |
| 4 (4 + 4 / 3 + 5 / 5 + 3) | 21 (5.4) | 21 (5.4) | 21 (5.4) | - | - | - |
| 5 (4 + 5 / 5 + 4 / 5 + 5) | 3 (0.8) | 3 (0.8) | 3 (0.8) | - | - | - |
* p value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance (bold values within the table), calculated comparing three groups: negative patients, patients with ciPCa and patients with csPCa
PCa, prostate cancer; csPCa, clinically significant prostate cancer; ciPCa, clinically insignificant prostate cancer; IQR, interquartile range; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; PI-RADS, Prostate Imaging—Reporting and Data System; ISUP, International Society of Uropathology