Table 4.
Univariable and multivariable regression analysis assessing the correlation among clinical and radiological factors with prostate cancer
| OUTCOME 1 | Evidence of Tumor n (%) – 389 |
p* | ODDS RATIO* | p** | ODDS ratio** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not | Yes | |||||
| Age (mean) | < 0.001 | 0.31 (0.21–0.40) | < 0.001 | 0.14 (0.06–0.22) | ||
| < 70 | 148 | 87 | ||||
| ≥ 70 | 49 | 105 | ||||
| Family history | 0.41 | 0.63 (1.20–1.97) | – | – | ||
| NO | 189 | 187 | ||||
| YES | 8 | 5 | ||||
| PSA (ng/mL) | ||||||
| < 10 | 159 | 135 | 0.02 | 0.57 (0.35–0.91) | 0.46 | 0.04 (0.01–0.41) |
| > 10, < 20 | 36 | 41 | 0.48 | 1.21 (0.74–2.00) | – | – |
| > 20 | 2 | 16 | < 0.001 | 0.17 (0.03–0.34) | 0.51 | 0.12 (0.02–0.31) |
| PSA density (ng/mL2) | < 0.001 | 0.35 (0.25–0.43) | 0.03 | 0.10 (0.09–0.11) | ||
| < 0.15 | 150 | 81 | ||||
| ≥ 0.15 | 47 | 111 | ||||
| Number of foci (n) | 0.24 | 0.07 (0.03–0.16) | – | – | ||
| 1 | 98 | 83 | ||||
| > 1 | 99 | 109 | ||||
| Best sequence | < 0.001 | 0.55 (0.46–0.63) | < 0.001 | 0.22 (0.13–0.32) | ||
| DCE | 148 | 38 | ||||
| DWI/ADC | 49 | 154 | ||||
| Conventional PI-RADS score § | < 0.001 | 0.65 (0.56–0.74) | 0.007 | 0.17 (0.05–0.30) | ||
| Adjusted PI-RADS score §§ | < 0.001 | 0.66 (0.59–0.74) | < 0.001 | 0.32 (0.19–0.45) | ||
* Univariate analysis; p value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance (bold values within the table)
** Multivariable analysis; p value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance (bold values within the table)
§ PI-RADS with the conventional threshold to auction biopsy (PI-RADS 3 associated with PSA density ≥ 0.15 ng/mL/mL) assigned by an expert reader
§§ PI-RADS with the adjusted threshold to auction biopsy (both PI-RADS 3 and 3up associated with PSA density ≥ 0.15 ng/mL/mL) assigned by an expert reader
PSA, prostate-specific antigen; PI-RADS, Prostate Imaging—Reporting and Data System