Table 5.
Univariable and multivariable regression analysis assessing the correlation among clinical and radiological factors with clinically significant prostate cancer
| OUTCOME 2 | Evidence of csPCa n (%) – 389 |
p* | Odds ratio* | p** | Odds ratio** | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Not | Yes | |||||
| Age (mean) | < 0.001 | 0.29 (0.19–0.38) | < 0.001 | 0.15 (0.06–0.23) | ||
| < 70 | 182 | 53 | ||||
| ≥ 70 | 75 | 79 | ||||
| Family history | 0.40 | 0.57 (0.15–2.12) | – | – | ||
| NO | 247 | 129 | ||||
| YES | 10 | 3 | ||||
| PSA (ng/mL) | ||||||
| < 10 | 208 | 86 | < 0.001 | 0.19 (0.03–0.28) | 0.95 | 1.16 (0.58–2.33) |
| > 10, < 20 | 45 | 32 | 0.11 | 0.41 (0.09–0.87) | – | – |
| > 20 | 4 | 14 | < 0.001 | 0.46 (0.24–0.68) | 0.11 | 0.21 (0.04–0.64) |
| PSA density (ng/mL2) | < 0.001 | 0.34 (0.25–0.43) | < 0.001 | 0.21 (0.07–0.25) | ||
| < 0,15 | 185 | 46 | ||||
| ≥ 0,15 | 72 | 86 | ||||
| Number of foci (n) | 0.58 | 0.89 (0.58–1.35) | – | – | ||
| 1 | 117 | 64 | ||||
| > 1 | 140 | 68 | ||||
| Best sequence | < 0.001 | 0.42 (0.34–0.51) | < 0.001 | 0.21 (0.12–0.30) | ||
| DCE | 164 | 22 | ||||
| DWI/ADC | 93 | 110 | ||||
| Conventional PI-RADS score § | < 0.001 | 0.46 (0.37–0.56) | 0.04 | 0.14 (0.02–0.28) | ||
| Adjusted PI-RADS score §§ | < 0.001 | 0.48 (0.39–0.56) | 0.03 | 0.32 (0.19–0.45) | ||
* Univariate analysis; p value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance (bold values within the table)
** Multivariable analysis; p value < 0.05 was considered for statistical significance (bold values within the table)
§ PI-RADS with the conventional threshold to auction biopsy (PI-RADS 3 associated with PSA density ≥ 0.15 ng/mL/mL) assigned by an expert reader
§§ PI-RADS with an adjusted threshold to auction biopsy (both PI-RADS 3 and 3up associated with PSA density ≥ 0.15 ng/mL/mL) assigned by an expert reader
PSA, prostate-specific antigen; PI-RADS, Prostate Imaging—Reporting and Data System