Table 4.

Observations/phenotypes of the different HDACs knockout.

HDACs knockout	Observation/phenotype
HDAC1	Lethal at E9.5–10.5 due to embryonic stem cell proliferation defects, apoptosis and cell cycle arrest.
HDAC2	Perinatal lethal due to cardiac defects, cell cycle delay and apoptosis.
HDAC3	Lethal at E9.5–10.5 due to gastrulation defects, cell cycle arrest, DNA damage and apoptosis.
HDAC8	Perinatal lethal due to craniofacial defects.
HDAC4	Segregation defects in p53-null carcinoma cell with no detectable effects in normal cells.
HDAC5	Profoundly enlarged hearts.
HDAC7	Embryonic lethality owing to blood vessels dilatation and rupture.
HDAC9	Cardiac hypertrophy.
HDAC6	Normal development with slight effects on bone density and immune response.
HDAC10	Normal development with no defects.
HDAC11	No significant effect on growth and differentiation.