Figure 6. Autophagic processes regulate innate immunity in diseases.

Innate immunity in organs is mediated by autophagic processes occurring in both tissue-specific barrier cells and innate immune cells. Alterations in autophagic processes are linked to a variety of organ-specific or systemic diseases. These autophagic processes include macroautophagy, LC3-associated phagocytosis (LAP), LC3-associated endocytosis (LANDO), secretory autophagy, and chaperone-medidated autophagy (CMA). Macroautophagy processes can be further classified as selective autophagy processes such as xenophagy (targeting intracellular microbes), aggregaphagy (targeting protein aggregates), mitophagy (targeting mitochondria), ERphagy (targeting endoplasmic reticulum), pexophagy (targeting peroxisome), lipophagy (targeting lipids), cilliophagy (targeting cilia), and ferritinophagy (targeting ferritin). Autophagic processes associated with regulating innate immunity, either within barrier cells or specialized innate immune cell subsets, and the representative diseases reviewed in this article are grouped by the organs listed.