Table 2.

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trials conducted for cardiovascular outcome trials of anti-obesity medications

Drug (trial)	Naltrexone/bupropion ER (LIGHT)27	Phentermine/topiramate ER (AQCLAIM)32	Semaglutide 2.4 mg (SELECT)42	Tirzepatide (SURMOUNT-MMO)50
Maintenance dose (maximum tolerated dose)	32/360 mg/day	15/92 mg/day	2.4 mg weekly	15 mg weekly
Population	n=8,910 Age ≥ 45 yr for men, ≥ 50 yr for women BMI 27–50 kg/m2 WC ≥ 102 cm for men, ≥ 88 cm for women Preexisting CVD (32.1%) Type 2 diabetes mellitus with ≥ 2 risk factors (85.2%)	n=16,000 Age ≥ 45 yr BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 One of high stroke risk, high CVD risk or intermediate CVD risk	n=17,605 Age ≥ 45 yr BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 Established CVD with one or more of prior MI/stroke/PAD Without diabetes	n=15,000 Age ≥ 40 yr BMI ≥ 27 kg/m2 Established CVD or the presence of CV risk factors Without diabetes
Primary outcome	Non-inferior 3-point MACE	Non-inferior MACE	Superior 3-point MACE	Time to first occurrence of any component event of composite
Results	Premature termination	Premature termination	In progress	In progress

ER, extended-release; LIGHT, Effect of Naltrexone-Bupropion on Major Adverse Cardiovascular Events in Overweight and Obese Patients With Cardiovascular Risk Factors; AQCLAIM, A Qysimia cardiovascular morbidity and mortality study in subjects with documented cardiovascular disease; SELECT, Semaglutide Effects on Heart Disease and Stroke in Patients With Overweight or Obesity; SURMOUNT-MMO, A Study of Tirzepatide (LY3298176) on the Reduction on Morbidity and Mortality in Adults With Obesity; BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference; CVD, cardiovascular disease; MI, myocardial infarction; PAD, peripheral arterial disease; CV, cardiovascular; MACE, major adverse cardiovascular events.