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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 7.
Published in final edited form as: Health Aff (Millwood). 2022 May 17;41(6):787–796. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2021.01874

Exhibit 2: Patents per inhaler at FDA approval, 1986-2020.

Exhibit 2:

Source: FDA Orange Book, Drugs@FDA, authors’ analysis

This figure includes patents granted to inhalers that were filed prior to FDA approval. The median number of pre-approval patents grew from 2 per inhaler (interquartile range [IQR] 1-5) from 1986-1997 to 9 per inhaler (IQR 6-12) from 1998-2008 and 12 per inhaler (IQR 6.5-19.5) from 2009-2020.