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. 2023 Mar 3;18(10):2167–2172. doi: 10.4103/1673-5374.369101

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Copyright: © 2023 Neural Regeneration Research

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Rho GTPases participate in the polarity of mammalian cochlear hair cells.

(A) RhoA and Rac1 are activated by the Wnt/PCP pathway and are involved in regulating microtubule stability, thus controlling hair cell plane polarity. (B) Active Rac1 and Cdc42, with the assistance of p21-activated kinase (PAK) and protein kinase C-related kinase a (PKCa), control the migration of kinocilium, thus affecting the polarity of single hair cells. (C) In the cross-section of the cochlear catheter, the planar cell polarity at the tissue level is characterized by a V-shaped arrangement of stereocilia bundles, and the kinocilium points laterally along the medial side. (D) Single-cell polarity manifests as the migration of the kinocilium from the center of the apical plane of the hair cell to the lateral side and next to the highest static cilia. Dvl: Dishevelled; IHC: inner hair cell; OHC: outer hair cell; PAK: p21-activated kinase; PKC: protein kinase C-related kinase; ROCK: Rho-related protein kinase.